Theoretical implications of Isogloss Configurations 同言线配置的理论意义.pptVIP

Isogloss configurations and the architecture of phonology: nesting, bundling and diffusion William Labov Home Page/~labov Isogloss configurations Bundling Random Superposition Nesting Diffusion fan Diffusion corridor Two theories of phonological architecture widely used in dialect geography Phonemes of North American English in broad IPA notation A binary notation as develoed by Bloch and Trager The architecture underlying the binary vowel notation The organization of North American vowels into subsets The Vh notation Phonological principles associated with the binary notation Neighborhoods of confusable sets that might follow from the broad IPA notation Broad IPA notation in the IPA chart Four binary subsets in acoustic space Acoustic space of West Germanic vowel systems Integration of subsystems into a single acoustic space General principles of chain shifting Directions of chain shifting on peripheral and nonperipheral tracks Martinet on maximal dispersion All vowels measured of Thelma M. Thelma M. means Thelma M. standard deviations Thelma M. short vowels (V) Thelma M. standard deviations of short vowels (V) Thelma M. front upgliding vowels (Vy) Thelma M. Vy with standard deviations Thelma M. back upgliding vowels (Vw) Thelma M. Vw standard deviations Nesting Change in subset membership The low back merger of LOT and THOUGHT The low back merger of LOT and THOUGHT The low back merger of /o/ and /oh/ in cot and caught, etc. (ANAE Map 9.1) The Canadian Shift The Canadian Shift The Canadian Shift in the vowel system of Marsha M., 24 [1997], Montreal, TS659 The Canadian Shift in the vowel system of Hubert B., 17, Toronto, TS798 The Canadian Shift nested in the Low Back Merger area (ANAE Map 11.7) The Southern Shift Map 18.4. Monophthongization of /ay/ in 1940s and 1990s Map 18.6. Stages 2 and 3 of the Southern Shift Bundling The Northern Cities Shift ANAE Map 11.14: Isoglosses defining the Inland North The Northern Cities Shift: Mean values of low vowels for