Three Fundamental particles in an atom St原子中的三个基本粒子. Marks .pptVIP

Three fundamental particles in an atom Proton Proton * Electron Neutron Actual mass Relative mass (compare with proton) 1 Relative Charge (compare with proton ) +1 Position in atom Inside the nucleus Symbol p Neutron Symbol Position in atom Relative charge Relative mass Actual mass n Inside the nucleus 0 1 Electron Symbol Position in atom Relative charge Relative mass Actual mass moving around the nucleus -1 Atomic structure e e e e e - - - - - - - - electron n (s) p (s) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - nucleus Atomic content of an atom no. of protons = 11 no. of electrons =11 no. of neutrons = 12 12n 11p Symbol Atomic Content of no. of protons = 6 no. of neutrons = 12 - 6 = 6 no. of electrons = 6 (An atom is neutral in charge) Atomic Content of : no. of protons = 7 no. of electrons = 7 no. of neutrons = 14 – 7 = 7 Atomic Content of no. of protons = 6 no. of neutrons = 14 – 6 = 8 no. of electrons = 6 mass number atomic number Mass number = no. of p + no. of n atomic number = no. of protons Isotopes Name of element : carbon carbon No. of protons : 6 6 No. of neutrons : 8 6 No. of electrons : 6 6 Isotopes are atoms of same elements which have the same atomic number but different mass number Isotopes Burn in air Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide Mass 14 units 12 units Radioactivity Give radiation Does not give radiation (stable) Extension : Isotopes ( For reference only ) 8n 6p nucleus 7n 7p nucleus A neutron in a nucleus of breaks into Electrons and energy are emitted to the surroundings Carbon -14 dating Properties of isotopes Same chemical properties Different physical properties e.g. mass b.p. and m.p. radioactivity Actual mass VS relative mass Mass of 1 atom Or