Urinary System WOU Homepage泌尿系统我的主页.pptVIP

Caffeine and alcohol are diuretics. Alcohol inhibits ADH release, while caffeine interferes with its activity. Part of the symptoms of a hangover are due to dehydration. What causes the dehydration? And why is a cup of coffee not a good cure for a hangover? W O R K T O G E T H E R If a person were given a dose of ADH, what would happen? More water lost through kidneys. More potassium secreted by nephron. More water retained in the kidneys. More sodium secreted by nephron. Many over-the-counter herbal diet aids claim to “detoxify” the body or “flush fat.” Many of these contain dandelion leaves, parsley, or other herbs known to be diuretics. If a person tries these products and appears to lose pounds, what is actually lost? Could there be health problems with using these products? W O R K T O G E T H E R Final thinking question: The kangaroo rat is adapted to desert life. It survives on very little water. List some ways in which its kidneys might be different from the human kidney to allow it to conserve as much water as possible. Urinary System Water control and nitrogen disposal Homeostasis The urinary system maintains homeostasis in several ways: Removal of urea (nitrogenous waste) from the bloodstream. Control of water and salt balance in the bloodstream. Involved in blood pressure regulation. The kidneys produce two important hormones. What do they control? Blood pressure and volume Blood clotting Blood sugar Blood oxygen Blood pressure Renin Renin is an enzyme released by the kidneys in response to a drop in blood pressure. Renin catalyzes the production of angiotensin, a hormone that causes arterioles to constrict, raising blood pressure. This also causes water retention. How does this maintain homeostasis of blood pressure? Erythropoietin A second response to low blood pressure is the release of erythropoietin, another hormone. Erythropoietin travels to the bone marrow and stimulates the production of new blood cells. How does this maintain homeostasis?