Water Erosion neshaminy水侵蚀的内沙米尼.k12.pa.us.pptVIP

Water Erosion Chapter 9 Section 2 Runoff and Erosion Moving water is the major agent of the erosion that has shaped Earth’s land Runoff Groundwater Runoff Condensation Precipitation Power source Water Cycle Evaporation Runoff and Erosion Runoff is water that moves over Earth’s surface Five factors that influence amount of runoff Amount of rain Vegetation Type of soil Shape of the land How people use the land Generally, more runoff means more erosion Runoff and Erosion As water runoff travels it forms grooves in the soil rills – tiny grooves gullies – formed after a rain as rills flow together streams – formed as gullies flow together. They rarely dry up Runoff and Erosion River – a large stream Tributary – a stream or river that feeds into a larger stream or river Runoff and Erosion Drainage basins or watersheds are areas from where rivers and tributaries collect their water Erosion by Rivers V-shaped valleys – caused by fast flowing rivers that carve steep slopes along the sides Erosion by Rivers Waterfalls – where water flows over hard rock that erodes slowly, then flows over softer rock that erodes quickly Erosion by Rivers Rapids – areas of rough water where a river tumbles over hard rock. Erosion by Rivers Flood Plain – where a river slows down, spreads out and erodes the land forming a wide river valley Characteristics Steep sides Mountainous or hilly regions Rapidly flowing water White water rapids and water falls Curving stream Gradual slope Erodes sides Less swiftly moving Meanders Flood plains Very slow Broad flat flood plain Oxbow lakes Erosion by Rivers Meanders – bends in the river as it erodes softer rock on its bank Oxbow Lakes – a meander that has been cut off from the main river Deposits by Rivers Alluvial fans – when a river comes off a mountain and widens, it slows down and deposits sediment as new soil Deposits by Rivers Deltas – When a river flows into a body of water, slows down and drops its sediment. Groundwat