子网概念.pptVIP

LAN Connections Constructing a Network Addressing Scheme Flat Topology Subnetworks What a Subnet Mask Does Tells the router the number of bits to look at when routing Defines the number of bits that are significant Used as a measuring tool, not to hide anything Possible Subnets and Hosts for a Class C Network Possible Subnets and Hosts for a Class B Network Possible Subnets and Hosts for a Class A Network End System Subnet Mask Operation How Routers Use Subnet Masks Applying the Subnet Address Scheme Octet Values of a Subnet Mask Default Subnet Masks Procedure for Implementing Subnets Determine the IP address assigned by the registry authority. Based on the organizational and administrative structure, determine the number of subnets required. Based on the address class and required number of subnets, determine the number of bits you need to borrow from the host ID. Determine the binary and decimal value of the subnet mask. Apply the subnet mask to the network IP address to determine the subnet and host addresses. Assign subnet addresses to specific interfaces. Eight Easy Steps for Determining Subnet Addresses Eight Easy Steps for Determining Subnet Addresses (Cont.) Example: Applying a Subnet Mask for a Class C Address Example: Applying a Subnet Mask for a Class B Address Example: Applying a Subnet Mask for a Class A Address Summary Networks, particularly large networks, are often divided into smaller subnetworks, or subnets. Subnets can improve network performance and control. A subnet address extends the network portion, and is created by borrowing bits from the original host portion and designating them as the subnet field. Determining the optimal number of subnets and hosts depends on the type of network and the number of host addresses required. The algorithm for computing a number of subnets is 2s, where s is the number of subnet bits. Summary (Cont.) The subnet mask is the tool that the router uses to determine which bits are routing (network and subnet)