Contact resistances in spark plasma sintering From in-situ and ex-situ determinations to an extended model for the scale up of the process.pdfVIP

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Contact resistances in spark plasma sintering From in-situ and ex-situ determinations to an extended model for the scale up of the process.pdf

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Contact resistances in spark plasma sintering From in-situ and ex-situ determinations to an extended model for the scale up of the process.pdf

Journal of the European Ceramic Society 37 (2017) 1593–1605 Contents lists available at Journal of the European Ceramic Society journal homepage: /locate/jeurceramsoc Contact resistances in spark plasma sintering: From in-situ and ex-situ determinations to an extended model for the scale up of the process Charles Manière a,b, Lise Durand b, Elodie Brisson c, Henri Desplats c, Patrick Carré c, Philippe Rogeon c, Claude Estournès a,? a CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, UMR 5085 CNRS – Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier – INPT, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France b CEMES, CNRS UPR 8011 and Université de Toulouse, 29 Rue Jeanne Marvig, 31055 Toulouse, France c Université de Bretagne Sud, Centre de Recherche, LIMATB, F-56321 Lorient, France article info Article history: Received 20 September 2016 Received in revised form 2 December 2016 Accepted 6 December 2016 Available online 12 December 2016 Keywords: Contact resistance Spark plasma sintering Graphite Extended model Joule heating abstract Heating in spark plasma sintering is a key point of this manufacturing process that requires advanced simulation to predict the thermal gradients present during the process and adjust them. Electric and thermal contact resistances have a prominent role in these gradients. Their determination is dif?cult as they vary with pressure and temperature. A calibration method is used to determine all of the contact resistances present within tools of different sizes. Ex situ measurements were also performed to validate the results of the in-situ calibrations. An extended predictive and scalable contacts model was developed and reveals the great importance and diversity of the contact resistances responsible for the general heating of the column and high thermal gradients between the parts. The ex/in situ comparison highlights a high lateral thermal contact resistance and the presence of a possible phenomenon of electric current facilitation across the lateral interface fo