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Propagation of surface initiated rolling contact fatigue cracks in bearing steel.pdf
International Journal of Fatigue 97 (2017) 29–38
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
International Journal of Fatigue
journal homepage: /locate/ijfatigue
Propagation of surface initiated rolling contact fatigue cracks in bearing steel
Pawel Rycerz, Andrew Olver, Amir Kadiric ?
Tribology Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK
article info
Article history: Received 3 August 2016 Received in revised form 30 November 2016 Accepted 2 December 2016 Available online 5 December 2016
Keywords: Rolling contact fatigue Pitting Crack propagation Rolling bearings Flaking
abstract
Surface initiated rolling contact fatigue, leading to a surface failure known as pitting, is a life limiting failure mode in many modern machine elements, particularly rolling element bearings. Most research on rolling contact fatigue considers total life to pitting. Instead, this work studies the growth of rolling contact fatigue cracks before they develop into surface pits in an attempt to better understand crack propagation mechanisms. A triple-contact disc machine was used to perform pitting experiments on bearing steel samples under closely controlled contact conditions in mixed lubrication regime. Crack growth across the specimen surface was monitored and crack propagation rates extracted. The morphology of the generated cracks was observed by preparing sections of cracked specimens at the end of the test. It was found that crack initiation occurred very early in total life, which was attributed to high asperity stresses due to mixed lubrication regime. Total life to pitting was dominated by crack propagation. Results provide direct evidence of two distinct stages of crack growth in rolling contact fatigue: stage 1, within which cracks grow at a slow and relatively steady rate, consumed most of the total life; and stage 2, reached at a critical crack length, within which the propagation rate rapidly increases. Contact pressure and crack size were shown to be
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