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Wilhelmy balance characterization beyond contact angles Differentiating leaching from nanosurface reorganization and optimizing surface modification.pdf

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Wilhelmy balance characterization beyond contact angles Differentiating leaching from nanosurface reorganization and optimizing surface modification.pdf

Polymer xxx (2017) 1e7 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Polymer journal homepage: /locate/polymer Wilhelmy balance characterization beyond contact angles: Differentiating leaching from nanosurface reorganization and optimizing surface modi?cation Chenyu Wang, Sithara Nair, Kenneth J. Wynne* Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 West Main Street, Richmond, VA 23284, United States article info Article history: Received 29 December 2016 Received in revised form 19 January 2017 Accepted 21 January 2017 Available online xxx Keywords: Wilhelmy plate method Dynamic contact angles Polymer surface science abstract Over and above measurements of contact angles, this article provides examples from our work that emphasize unexpected wetting behavior using the Wilhelmy Plate (WP) method. These ?ndings either would not have been noticed by conventional sessile drop methods or might have been dismissed due to deviations associated with measurements or sample-to-sample variations in surface composition. The examples chosen for this article include: (1) Wilhelmy plate force distance curves providing a sensitive measure for the detection of leaching or diffusion of species from polydimethylsiloxane elastomeric coatings, (2) A Dynamic Contact Angle (DCA) investigation of a polyurethane to establish whether changes in CAs vs immersion time were due to leaching of substances that changed the surface tension of water or to nanosurface reorganization of polymer chains, (3) Changing network formation conditions that give low or high receding contact angles (qR) and “sticky or slippery” wetting of water drops on a widely used Sylgard 184 silicone coating as well as the impact of qR on ice adhesion and (4) Polymer surface modi?cation for introducing special functionality via a modi?er is shown to depend on a balance of miscibility and immiscibility that resulted in an unexpected “more is less” dependence on concentration for a ?uo