2014届高考英语二轮专项热门考点强化专练4 定语从句 .docVIP

语法专题四：定语从句 一.基本概念： 定语从句：在主从复合句中像形容词一样起修饰或限定作用的句子。 Students who are interested in English may attend the lecture. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的是先行词。先行词可以是一个词、短语、或是整个句子。 John passed the exam, which made his parents happy. Students who are interested in English may attend the lecture. 关系词： 引导定语从句的词是关系词。分为关系代词和关系副词。 二.定语从句的种类： 1. 限制性定语从句：通常与主句紧密相连，译为“……的”如果去掉整个句子所表达的意思就不完整了。 This is the book that I want to read. 2. 非限制性定语从句：在结构上通常与主句用逗号隔开，如果去掉的话不影响主句的意思。 The book, whose cover is very beautiful, belongs to him. 三.关系词的作用： 1. 引导定语从句，连接主从句。 2. 指代先行词。 3. 在定语从句中充当成分。 关系代词：主、宾、表、定。 关系副词：状 关系词 先行词 从句 成分 例 句 备 注 关系代 词 who 人 主、宾 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? The boy (who) you are taking care of is my brother. who，whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that，who 当先行词为one, ones, anyone,everyone,none, all(指人)时，关系代词常用who whose+n. =the+n+of+which =of+which+the+n I like those books the topics of which are about history. I like those books of which the topics are about history. whom 人 宾语 Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.. whose 人或物 定语 （…的） I like those books whose topics are about history. The boy whose father works abroad is my desk mate. that 人或物 主，宾，表（不用于非限和介词后） A plane is a machine that can fly. She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much. which 物 主，宾，表 The book (which) I gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible. as 人或物 主，宾 He is such a person as is respected by all of us. This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as做宾语一般不省略，常用于the same … as, such… as, as… as, so…as 结构中 关系副 词 when 时间 时间状语 I will never forget the day when we met there. 可用prep. + which where 地点 地点状语 This is the house where I was born. 可用prep.+ which why 原因 原因状语 I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer. 可用for which 四.考点解析： 1.只能用that做关系词的情况： (1) 限制性定语从句中，当先行词指物时且被any, every, e