山西省杏岭学校2014届高考英语三轮最后冲刺精选讲义主谓一致.docVIP

XI 主谓一致 一、名词作主语的主谓一致。 1、单数可数名词和表示物质或抽象的不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。复数可数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。 如：The book is very interesting.这本书非常有趣。 The air in the countryside is fresh.乡下的空气很新鲜。 These books are quite cheap.这些书很便宜。 2、集合名词作主语，视具体情况而定。 （1）clothing (衣服)，furniture (家具)， equipment (设备) 等，集体名词表示单数概念，谓语动词用单数。 如：a piece of clothing / furniture一件衣服/家具 The furniture he bought is pleased to look at. 他买的家具看上去很舒适。 （2）people, police等集体名词表示复数概念，谓语动词用复数。 如：The people in Beijing are friendly to tourists. 北京人对游客很友好。 （3）class, family, public, team, audience等集合名词被视为整体时，谓语动词用单数形式；被视为个体时，则用复数形式。 如：Jane’s family is a big one. 简的家是一个大家庭。 His family are waiting for you. 他一家人都在等你。 4、and连接的并列主语指同一个人或物，谓语动词用单数；若指两个事物，则用复数。both … and 连接的主语，谓语动词用复数。 如：The writer and singer is my friend. 那位作家兼歌唱家是我的朋友。 The red and the white roses are both beautiful. 红玫瑰与白玫瑰都很美。 Salt and water is a good drink in summer. 盐水是夏天的好饮料。 Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. 在中国的这个地方既种稻子又种小麦。 5、many a +名词或more than one +名词作主语，意义虽为复数，但谓语动词用单数形式。 如：Many a man was killed in the accident. 许多人在事故中丧生。 6、主语后跟with, together with, but, except, as well as等组成的短语，谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。 如：A woman with two children has come. 一个妇女带着两个孩子来了。 I as well as they am ready to help you. 我和他们准备帮助你。 7、由not only… but also …, or, either … or …, neither … nor …连接的并列主语和There be 句型中，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致，即就近原则。 如：Neither I nor he has finished the work. 我和他都没完成工作。 8、由every, each, each of, either of, neither of修饰的名词以及every … and every …, each … and each …, no … and no …等连接的单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Every hour and every minute is important. 每个消失和每一分钟都是重要的。 Neither of them was late for school. 他们俩谁也没迟到。 9、表示金钱、时间、价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 如：Ten years is a moment in history. 十年在历史上只是一瞬间 Ten yuan is enough. 十元足够了。 如：Half of the money has been spent. 已经花掉了一半的钱。 Over 70% of the students are interested in English. 70%多的学生对英语感兴趣。 11、a number of +复数名词，意为“许多……”作主语，谓语动词用复数。The number of +复数名词，意为“……的数目”作主语，谓语动词用单数。 如：A number of books have been lent out.