2014高考英语阅读理解指导4.docVIP

阅读理解指导4 做推理判断题的方法 所谓推断，就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息。即把有关的文字作为已知部分，从中推断出未知部分。据以推断的有关文字可能是词或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。解推断题应注意：不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点；推理的根据来自于上下文should, must, may, etc.）往往能流露出作者的弦外之音，这有助于我们确定正确答案； 注意作者在文章中的措辞，比如作者在形容词前用了too，excessively, rather：however, but, on the contrary, what’s more 当然，解推断题的方法最主要的是根据词义关系推断具体细节。 考英语试题中的推断题主要有以下几种： 1．事实推断 这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节，是比较简单的推断。例如： Secondly, a news story has to be interesting and unusual. People don’t want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about some kind of danger and seem to be “bad” news. According to the passage, which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV? A. You often play football with your friends after school. B. Your teacher has got a cold. C. A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasn’t been caught. D. The bike in front of your house is lost. 2．指代推断 确定代词的含义和指代对象是阅读理解题常见的题目。要确定指代词所指代的对象，关键在于对所在上下文的正确理解。指代名词的指代词，其单复数形式英语被指代的词一致，因此数的形式可作为识别指代对象第一个辅助标志。 文章中的代词it，that，he，him或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指一件事。有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；也有时需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事。 In 1901, H.G. Wells, an English writer, wrote a book describing a trip to the moon. When the explorers（探险者）landed on the moon, they discovered that the moon was full of underground cities. They expressed their surprise to the moon people they met. In turn, the moon people expressed their surprise. Why, they asked, are you traveling to outer space when you dont even use your inner space？ H.G. Wells could only imagine travel to the moon. In 1969, human beings really did land on the moon. People today know that there are no underground cities on the moon. However, the question that the moon people asked is still an interesting one. A growing number of scientists are seriously thinking about it. What does the underlined word it refer to？ A．Discovering the moons inner space． B．Using the earths inner space． C．Meeting the moon people“ again． D．Traveling to outer space． 由此可以看出it指上句中的the question，而the question又指第一段中月球人所提的问题。所以