物理模型教学实践硕士学位专业论文.docVIP

延边大学硕士学位论文 物理模型教学实践 以03-08年万有引力高考题为例 摘 要 新课程要求物理教学注重过程，重视学生能力的培养。这就要求我们教的不仅仅是知识本身，而且应该教给学生解决问题的方法，思考问题的方式。其中一个非常行之有效的方法就是开展模型教学。传统的物理教育注重知识的传授,不重视学生对知识的领悟过程。物理知识本身抽象程度高，与实际联系紧密，运用物理知识解决实际问题时灵活多变教材的编写比较原则，缺少形象化的说明训练学生思路的典型范例学生没有把握住学习物理的科学方法，不善于从多方面去理解物理概念，不善于作比较分类工作，没有掌握解决实际问题的科学思维方法分析题抽象出物理模型——确定遵循的规律——找出已知和未知的联系建立方程——探讨答案的物理过程。一部分学生在学了物理之后，还仅仅停留在日常生活经验的水平上，心理层次得到发展，错误未得到纠正，新观念未曾建立。当遇到实际问题、进行探索性的工作时,就显得力不从心,不知如何下手,学生认为物理难学,缺乏对物理学习兴趣热情。不仅要使学生明确学什么为什么学，更重要的是要让学生知道怎么学，培养学生掌握科学的思维方式和方法开展模型教学将有在这种教学模式下培养出的学生知识掌握比较牢固,New courses require physical education focusing on process and the ability of students. This requires us to teach not only the knowledge itself, and should teach students to solve the problem, think about the problem, develop model teaching and teach students to use the model to solve the problem. Traditional physical education major emphasis on knowledge, doesn’t pay attention to students ' understanding the process of knowledge. Physics itself with a high degree of abstraction, and the actual physical linkages, applying knowledge to solve practical problems is flexible，while textbooks compare principles and miss image description. Since we usually lack of typical examples of the students’ train of thought, students have not grasp the scientific method to study physics . They are not very good at understanding the physical concepts with a number of ways , they have no master to solve practical problems of scientific thinking. The process of doing physics problems should be analyzing the meaning of the question,bstracting the physical model,determine the rules to follow,identifying known and unknown,contact equition,discussing of the problem and the answers to the physical process, While many students do not have this problem-solving skills. Part of the students in learning the physics observ of physical phenomenon only in daily life experience level, their psychological level is not developed. The error is not corrected and the new concept