从澳大利亚等西方国家全科医学发展史引发的思考.pdfVIP

· 863- · 特稿 · 从澳大利亚等西方国家全科医学发展史引发的思考 杨 辉，Shane Thomas，Colette Browning，张拓红 【摘要】 本文回顾了澳大利亚、北美等西方国家全科医学发展的历史，重点考察了这些国家的医学教育中全科 医生培训的演变过程，与医院的专科培-／)ll的关系，全科医学专业组织的建立过程和发展经历，政府在全科医学发展中 的作用。通过比较．讨论和分析历史沿袭下来的因素对我国医学发展方向及全科医学发展的影响，以医院为基础的医 学教育和医院提供大量 “一般服务”的矛盾，医学权威结构的状况及其对全科医学发展的影响，并提出几点政府支持 全科医学发展的建议。 【关键词】 全科医学；历史；澳大利亚；比较 【中图分类号】R 197 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】1007—9572(2007)11—0863—05 Lessons Learned from the History of General Practice Development YANG Hui，Shane Thomas，Colette Browning，et a1． School ofPr m口 Health Care，Faculty ofMedicine，Nursing and Heahh Sciences，Monash Unweni~，Victoria 3165，Australia 【AbstractJ Authors first reviewed the history of general practice development in Australia，North American and Euro· pean countries．The focuses of this article include the evolution of medical education，especially training programs for general practitioners，transforming from hospital—based medical education to community—based training in Australia．Th e establishment of general practice professional organizations and their functions on regulation，training，policy making and political lobbying，as well as a platform for government intervention in general practice training in the commonwealth of Australia．The current general practice development in China is reviewed and discussed． Chinese physicians，both western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine trained，are employees of government hospitals and providsboth specialized general services to their patients．The an· thorities in the medical professionwas are still dominated by the specialists．only．There are limited political influences from the Chinese medical professional organizations．Last，the authors discussed the current government interventions to the development of general practice as w