科技进步与知识经济1【64页】.pptVIP

科技进步与知识经济 孙中才 三亚学院 财经学院 海南 三亚 572022 科技进步与知识经济 摘 要 20世纪中期，经济学发现了“科学技术是第一生产力”。而后，又发现了知识的决定作用，从而于20世纪末确定了“世界已经进入知识经济的时代”，并给定了“知识经济”这个概念。这一系列发现，导致经济学对科技进步和现代教育的作用，有了更深入的认识；也使得社会宏观管理者做出了积极的反应，其中最明显的反应是，世界大多数经济体和有关政府对教育有了更为深刻的认识，并为此对教育，特别是对高等教育，给予了有力的支持，并采取了一定的措施，以便保证和促进其发展。如何从经济学的理论出发，得出知识经济的有关测度，会对教育和科研投入的效率做出更精确的解释，为指导知识的改进提供依据。 关键词： 科技进步；知识经济；高等教育大众化 Scientific and Technological Progress and The Knowledge Based Economy Sun Zhongcai (School of Fianace and Economics, Sanya University, 572022 Sanya, Hainan, China ) Abstract The economists have found what science and technology is the first factor in the productivity, or for short , namely the first productivity, in the middle of the 20th century. After that they have found the role of knowledge in the productivity, determined that the whole world has gone into the times of knowledge based economy, and given the concept of knowledge based economy. The series of these foundations and concept resulted in that the economists gained deeply understanding for the roles of scientific and technological progress and modern education in the productivity. This cognition also resulted in government officials to respond to the role of the knowledge and education in productivity, so that the government officials and the other managers of the social organizations in the most of nations in the world deeply understood to the role of education, and supported to the development of the education, especially to that of the high education. If obtained the measures of knowledge in productivity, one can more accurately explain the effects of the education and relative scientific studies input in economy in order to provide the reason why the education and the studies should be improved. Key Words Scientific and Technological Progress; Knowledge Based Economy 1、引言 1956年，M.Abramovitz依据经济学的新古典主义总量模型加上Harrod-Domar 余项，得出： (1.1) 式中， --产出；