毕业论文-防冻液喷洒设备及控制系统设计.docVIP

摘 要 选煤厂外运煤炭含有水分，冬季常发生黏底、挂壁和结块等冻车现象。黏底和挂壁会使车厢内煤炭卸不干净，结块则导致煤炭难以卸车，严重影响铁路运煤车周转和运输效率，造成巨大经济损失。解决冻车的方法就是向车厢内壁和煤中喷洒防冻液，本文主要介绍设计防冻液喷洒设备的设计。 本次设计重点为喷洒设备的旋转以及升降，而旋转和升降均由液压系统提供动力，液压系统中大部分使用具有连续流动性的液压油作为工作介质，通过液压泵将驱动泵的原动机的机械能转换成液体的压力能，然后经过封闭管路及控制阀（压力阀、流量阀、和方向阀），送至执行器（液压缸、液压马达）中，转换为机械能去驱动负载和实现工作机构的直线运动或回转运动通过设计好的油路驱动执行元件，使其完成一系列的动作。 可编程控制器具有体积小、能耗低、抗干扰力强、可靠性高、以及其系统的设计、安装、调试方便、维修方便、性价比高等优点，本系统选用可编程控制器作为控制器。控制系统采用西门子S7-200系列可编程序控制器，控制两个电磁换向阀，卸荷阀以及液压泵的工作。 关键词：液压缸；回转；升降；控制系统。 Abstract Preparation plant sinotrans coal contains water, winter often occurs end of the stick, wall and agglomeration frozen car phenomenon. Sticky floor and wall inside will not clean coal unloading, caking coal have resulted in difficult unloading, seriously affecting rail coal car turnaround and transport efficiency, resulting in huge economic losses. The method is to solve the frozen car to car interior and coal spraying antifreeze, this paper introduces the design of antifreeze spraying equipment design. The design focus of spray equipment and the movements of rotation, the rotation and lift powered by the hydraulic system, hydraulic system, the majority having a continuous flow of hydraulic oil as working medium, the hydraulic pump driven by a prime mover the mechanical energy into pressure energy of a liquid and then through closed piping and control valves (pressure valves, flow valve, and the directional valve), to the actuator (hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic motor), the conversion of mechanical energy to drive the load and implementation effort institutions through linear motion or rotary motion actuator drive circuit designed to complete a series of movements. Programmable controller with a small, low power consumption, anti-interference ability, high reliability, as well as its system design, installation, commissioning convenient, easy maintenance, cost advantages, the system selects the programmable controller as the controller. Control system using Siemens S7-200 series programmable controll