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钵苗移栽机设计 摘 要 移栽技术作为一种栽培技术，相对于直接栽培有很大的优越性。不仅可以避开播种季节的自然灾害，提高种苗的成活率，而且还可以保证种苗生长势态的均匀性，达到齐苗壮苗的目的。另外，地膜覆盖技术能够使作物达到早熟增产的效果。因此，研究出高效实用的膜上移栽机构，对我国农业现代化的发展来说有着重要的意义。 本课题在查阅大量资料的基础上，分析各种类型移栽机的结构特点，设计了一种新型的七连杆式膜上移栽机。并确定了如下参数：整个移栽机构为牵引式，配套30马力的拖拉机，并且根据农艺要求设定栽植深度为40mm,栽植株距为550mm。作业幅宽1.3米，作业效率每小时1.5到2亩。 本课题研究的七连杆式膜上移栽机是由地轮提供全部工作动力，并且设计了一种配套的变速箱，此外还专门设计了离合操纵机构，能够准确地控制移栽的工作过程。利用运动分析软件对七连杆机构进行了分析和优化，保证了移栽机的零速栽植。鸭嘴开启方向垂直于前进方向，不碰苗、伤苗，保证钵苗成活率。送料机构采用回转盘式自动送苗装置，既减轻劳动强度又保证了送苗的快速和准确。本机综合了以上设计的特点较好地解决了钵苗的零速栽植、伤苗等问题，同时也保证了膜上移栽不挂膜、不撕膜。 关键词：移栽，连杆机构，鸭嘴，钵苗 The Design of Seeding Transplanter ABSTRACT Transplanting technology as a kind of cultivation techniques, compared to the direct cultivation has great superiority. Not only can avoid sowing season of natural disasters, improve the survival rate of seedlings, but also can guarantee the uniformity of seedling growth of the situation, to achieve the purpose of complete plantlets. In addition, film covering technology can make the crop reached puberty increase production effect. Therefore, research on an efficient and practical film transplanting mechanism, has important significance for the development of Chinas agricultural modernization. This paper based on a great deal of literatures, analysis of the structure characteristics of various types of transplanting machine, a seven connecting rod type of membrane on transplanting machine was designed. The following parameters are also determined: the transplanting mechanism for traction, supporting 30 horsepower tractor, and according to the agronomic requirements set planting depth is 40mm, planting spacing is 550mm. The width of 1.3 meters, the operation efficiency of 1.5 to 2 mu per hour. The seven connecting rod type film transplanting machine is all powered by wheel, and designed a gearbox supporting, in addition also specially designed clutch operation mechanism, it is can accurately control the working process of transplanting. Using the motion analysis software on the seven connecting rod m