学位论文-微波辅助提取栀子多糖的工艺研究 .doc

微波辅助提取栀子多糖的工艺研究 摘要：植物多糖是由许多相同或不同的单糖以α-或β-糖苷键所组成的化合物，普遍存在于自然界植物体中，其分子量一般为数万甚至数百万，是构成生命活动的四大基本物质之一，同维持生命功能密切相关。近年来，大量研究表明多糖除了免疫调节、抗肿瘤的生物学效应外，还有抗衰老、降血糖、抗凝血等作用，且其对机体毒副作用小，因此，对多糖的研究已成为医药界的热门领域。 目的: 以水为提取剂，采取L9（33）正交优化实验，研究了微波辅助提取栀子多糖的工艺，寻求最佳提取工艺。 方法 ：以苯酚-硫酸法测定样品中多糖的含量。 结果 ：最佳提取条件：时间为：20min；固液比：1:30；微波次数：2次 ，此时多糖的含量为7.61%。 关键词：植物多糖；栀子多糖；微波辅助提取；正交实验；提取工艺 Abstract:Polysaccharides of plant by a lot of the same or with α-or β-glucoside chemical compound key make up different mouose. Generally exist in the nature plant body.It is molecular weight is generally several tens of thousands of even millions. It is one of four major basic materals with form the life activity with keeping the life function closely related. In recent years,alarge number of research indicates there is immune adjustmeat and the antitumor biological effect outside in except many candies,having anti-ageing,lower the blood sugar ate. It is small to the malicious side of organism.so study on polysaccharides becomes hot-field in the drugmarker. Object: By the experiments of orthogonal test . The microwave-assisted extraction technology for gardenias polysaccharide was studied,with water as the extraction solvent. Looking for a optimal extraction technology. Methods The polysaccharide was determined by phenol sulfuric method. Results The optimal condition of extraction: The extraction time was 20 min under solid-liquid ratio of 1:30,the times of microware was two.The temporality of Gardenias Polysaccharide was 7.61%. Key words: Polysaccharides of plant; gardenias Polysaccharide; microware-assistant extraction; orthogonal test; extraction technology. 1文献综述 栀子是茜草科植物山栀Gardenia jasminoides Ellis的干燥成熟果实, 是一种常绿灌木,生于山野间,适应性强,广泛分布于热带和亚热带地区,全世界约有250种。我国有4种,为栀子、海南栀子、狭叶栀子和匙叶栀子。栀子也称黄栀子、山栀子、黄果树、红栀子等。我国栀子资源主要分布于江浙、安徽、江西、台湾等南方各省。栀子尖长椭圆形,表皮有棱,形似古代酒器。有五棱、七棱、九棱等不同品种,中仁深红或黄红色。性苦寒,无毒。入心、肝、肺、胃经。能清热泻火、凉血。主治热病虚烦不眠、黄疸、淋病、消渴、目赤、咽痛、吐血、衄血、血痢、尿血、热毒疮疡、扭伤肿痛。临床用于急性黄疸型肝炎、止血、扭挫伤等疾病。现代研究发现,栀子属植物中含有许多的化学成分,如黄酮类(栀子素类)、环烯醚萜类(栀子苷类)、三