独立主格结构讲义.pptVIP

His friends to come tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner. Because his friends will come tonight... Everyone having sat down, the teacher began his class. After everyone had sat down... Thousands of eyes fixed upon him, Nick felt on edge. Because thousands of eyes were fixed upon him... His friends to come tonight so he is busy preparing the dinner. Everyone having sat down and the teacher began his class. Thousands of eyes were fixed upon him so Nick felt on edge. .独立主格结构多用于书面语，尤其是描述性语言中，在口语和非正式文体中，一般用从句或两个句子来代替。独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在，名词或代词与后面的分词等逻辑上是主谓关系或者是动宾关系，独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。 The president assassinated（暗杀，行刺）, the whole country was in deep sorrow. 总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。 Generally speaking, the rule is very easy to understand. Judging from what he said, he must be an honest man. To tell you the truth, I made a mistake in the word spelling. To make things worse, many of the men have gone off to cities in search of higher pay, leaving women from nearby villages to carry on with the work. 有些固定短语是带 to的不定式，表明说话人的立场或态度，在句中作独立成分。这些短语有：to be honest（老实说），to be sure（确实），to tell you the truth（说实话），to cut a long story short（长话短说），to be frank（坦率地说），to make matters / things worse（更糟糕的是），等等。To tell you the truth, I made a mistake in the word spelling.说实话，我犯了一个拼写错误。To make things worse, many of the men have gone off to cities in search of higher pay, leaving women from nearby villages to carry on with the work.情况更糟的是，许多男人都去城市找工资较高的工作，而留下附近村庄的妇女来继续承担修复工作。 Seeing from the hilltop, we can find the city more beautiful. Lost in thoughts,she nearly ran into the tree.  补充知识2 独立主格结构与分词短语的异同 独立主格结构与分词短语都可以转换为状语从句。但是独立主格结构转换为状语从句后，它有自己的逻辑主语，与主句的主语不一致；而分词短语转换为状语从句后，从句的主语与主句的主语一致。Time permitting, wed better have a holiday at weekends. 转换为： If time permits, wed better have a holiday at weekends.如果时间允许,我们最好周末去度假。 Seeing from the hilltop, we can find the city more beautiful. 转换为： Thats all. When we see from the hilltop, we can find the city more beautiful. 从山顶