MC_02_Color Model in Video.pptVIP

* Choosing the Right Monitor Monitor characteristic Description Screen size Diagonal length of the screen surface Refresh rate The number of times an electronic beam fills a video screen with lines from top to bottom in one second Interlaced The electronic beam draws every other line with each pass, which lessens the overall effect of a lower refresh rate Dot pitch The distance between adjacent dots on the screen Resolution The number of spots, or pixels, on a screen that can be addressed by software * Content Video Adapter Color Models in Video * Color Models in Video Video Color Transforms (a) Largely derive from older analog methods of coding color for TV. Luminance is separated from color information. (b) YIQ is used to transmit TV signals in North America and Japan. This coding also makes its way into VHS video tape coding in these countries since video tape technologies also use YIQ. (c) In Europe, video tape uses the PAL or SECAM coding, which are based on TV that uses a matrix transform called YUV. (d) Finally, digital video mostly uses a matrix transform called YCbCr that is closely related to YUV * YUV、YIQ and YCrCb * YUV （Y、R-Y、B-Y） * Tips about YUV (a)YUV codes a luminance signal equal to Y’, the “luma. (b)Chrominance refers to the difference between a color and a reference white at the same luminance. use color differences U, V : U = B’ ? Y’ V = R’ ? Y’ (c)For gray, R’ = G’ = B’, the luminance Y’ equals to that gray, since 0.299+0.587+0.114 = 1.0. And for a gray (“black and white) image, the chrominance (U, V) is zero. * Tips about YUV (d) In the actual implementation U and V are rescaled to have a more convenient maximum and minimum. (e) For dealing with composite video, it turns out to be convenient to contain U, V within the range ?1/3 to +4/3. So U and V are rescaled: U = 0.492111 (B’ ? Y’) V = 0.877283 (R’ ? Y’) The chrominance signal = the composite signal C C = Ucos(wt) + Vsin(wt) (f) Zero is not the minimum value for U, V. U is approxima