TEM主谓致.pptVIP

主谓一致 动词是表示动作或状态的词。作为句子灵魂成分的动词是英语词汇中最重要，也是变化最多的词类。动词在句中充当谓语时，它的形式要受主语的限制，要和它在人称和数上一致，因此常称为动词的限定形式，这种形式主要表现在： 1．人称上与主语一致 2．与主语在数上一致 3．时态变化(表示动作发生时间) 4．语态(表示主语是做动作的人或物) 5：语气(表示说话人认为这句话是事实， 是要求做的事还是假想的事) 名词做主语时的主谓一致 名词作主语，是单数时谓语动词用单数，是复数时谓语动词用复数。 其中集合名词情况需另外鉴别，一些单复数同形的词需根据上下文确定其单复数含义，再配合动词； 一些以s结尾的表示学科的名词的用法，请注意其用法。 练习： 1. The New York Times_ _a wide circulation. A. have B. has C. is D. are 2. The basketball team_ _watching TV now. A. are B. is C. is doing D. are doing [规则一] 如果名词主语是单数，尽管后面跟有as well as, like, together with, including, no less than, rather than, as much as, accompanied by, in company with, besides, but, except, in addition to, along with等词时，其谓语动词仍用单数。 例如： Mr. Smith, together with his wife, is to arrive. The president of the university, accompanied by deans, is attending a meeting for the purpose of improving teaching facilities. 练习： The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, _ _and perfected now. A. developed B. have developed C. are being developed D. will have been developed [规则二] 复数名词用作专有名词时: The United States was founded in 1776. His Selected Works was published in 1957. [规则三] 表示由两部分构成的物体的名词，如：glasses，gloves，jeans，pants，scales，scissors，trousers，pliers等，若被a pair of修饰，按单数；如果pair为复数， 按复数。例如： Here is a pair of glasses. Three pairs of scissors are lying in the drawer. 练习： Each pair of scales_ _ handed out to those children for experiment. A. was B. are C. had D. have been [规则四] 以定冠词+形容词(或分词)做主语，是形容词的名词化用法。如果指的是一类人，谓语动词用复数形式；如果指的是抽象概念，则谓语动词用单数。例如： The old are respected in our country. The true is to be distinguished from the false. 练习： 1. The wounded_ _ well looked after by the staff in the hospital. A. are B. is C. is being D. has been 2. The agreeable _ _ not always the useful. A. are B. is C. has D. have 补充： 1.写出下列名词的复数形式： Calf, formula, vita, analysis, axis, phenomenon, criterion, medium, stimul