2014届高考英语二轮复习专题讲义：3.1 阅读理解题型解读与技法攻略.docVIP

2014届高考英语二轮复习专题讲义：3.1阅读理解题型解读与技法攻略 下面主要介绍阅读理解的常设题处和考查重点，旨在帮助考生明确阅读时应该重点关注的内容，从而提高阅读效果和做题效率。 (一)篇首、篇尾、段首、段尾处常考 文章的主题句经常出现在首段，段落的主题句经常出现在段首。另外，首段的末句或第二段的首句也是文章主题句的常设处。文章的尾段或段落的结尾一般会是概括或总结性的陈述，经常会得出某种结论或提出某项建议。 因此，文章的篇首、篇尾、段首、段尾处经常被作为篇章阅读设题的主要题眼，而且大多是考查对文章或段落主旨的理解。 [典例]　(2013·广东高考A篇节选)The power of imagination need not be reserved for children only. We all have the power to use our fantasies to attempt things we never thought possible，to go through those things that seem impossible, and to achieve what we never believed we could. Just as Dr.Epstein puts it，“If you can dream it, you can do it.” It doesnt mean that you should dress as a superhero for your next job interview.But, next time you are tested in a way that seems impossible, imagine what it would take to overcome it. Become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first.So, let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream. Q：What is the purpose of the passage? A．To tell us an interesting story. B．To help us make right decisions. C．To advise us to care about children. D．To encourage us to use our imagination. [分析]　选D　本题为写作意图题。设题处在最后两段。这两段点明了写作目的，即建议我们充分利用自己的想象力来克服困难。文章通过汤姆的故事来说明想象力的巨大作用，写作目的不是讲述一个有趣的故事或者建议我们关爱孩子，故排除A项和C项；B项“帮助我们做出正确的决定”与文章内容不相干。故选D项。 (二)转折处常考 作者常常会借用转折连词或副词来引出某项重要的事实或观点，转折词之后的内容往往表达的是作者真实的写作目的、观点或态度，因此出题人经常会围绕转折词前后内容来设题。 常见的表示转折关系的连词或副词有however，but，yet，nevertheless，while，though，although，at the same time等。另外，indeed，in fact也常常用来表示前后语义的转折。 [典例]　(2013·浙江高考B篇节选) Which works harder, your heart or your brain? That kind of depends on whether youre busy thinking or busy exercising.Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise, and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker.But, in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when youre sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart, and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it. Q：Which of the following statements about our brain is TRUE? A．In