IP寻址IP Address.pptVIP

IP寻址IP Address 深圳职业技术学院计算机系网络专业 教学目标（ Objectives ） 1. IP地址概念（ Concept of IP Address ） 2. IP地址分类 （Class of IP Address） 3. 保留和私有地址（ Reserved and Private IP Address） 4. 网络掩码和子网划分（Network Mask and Subnetting ） 5. 可变长度子网掩码（ VLSM ） 6. 汇总和CIDR（ Summarization and CIDR） IP地址（IP Address） IP地址唯一的标识网络上计算机，IP地址就是由0和1组成的32位字符串。 Each computer in a TCP/IP network must be given a unique identifier, or IP address. An IP address is a 32-bit sequence of 1s and 0s. IP地址表示（Representation of IP Address） 为了容易使用，采用点分十进制格式来表示IP地址 To make the IP address easier to use, the address is usually written as four decimal numbers separated by periods IP地址结构（Structure of IP Address） IP地址的类别（Class of IP Address） A类地址（Class A） 地址范围：1~126(127保留) Address Range:1-126(127 Reserved) B类地址（Class B） 地址范围： 128~191 Address Range:128-191 C类地址（Class C） 地址范围： 192~223 Address Range:192-223 地址分配（Address Allocating） 分配A类IP：国际网络信息中心NIC 分配B类IP：InterNIC、APNIC、ENIC 分配C类IP：国家或地区的NIC 保留地址（Reserved Address） 保留地址指某些地址不能分配网络上的设备使用 Certain host addresses are reserved and cannot be assigned to devices on a network. 1.主机部分全0表示网络地址 An IP address that has binary 0s in all host bit positions is reserved for the network address. 2.主机部分全1表示广播地址 An IP address that has binary 1s in all host bit positions is reserved for the broadcast address. 3.全0的IP地址，即0.0.0.0。设置缺省路由时使用。 An IP address that has binary 0s in all bit positions is reserved for default route 4.全1地址255.255.255.255，表示泛洪广播 An IP address that has binary 0s in all bit positions is reserved for flood broadcast 私有地址（Private IP Address） 1. 私有地址可以节省IP地址 Private IP addresses are another solution to the problem of the impending exhaustion of public IP addresses. 2. 私有地址不能在Internet上被路由 Private IP addresses are not routed on the Internet backbone. Exercise: IP Address Classes IP Address Classes Exercise Answers 网络掩码（Network Mask） 网络掩码的作用（Function of Network Mask） 172.16.2.160 ? 1111111