(创新的设计)2013—2014学年高中物理人教版选择修读3—1第2章节恒定电流专题突破2—2电路的测量.pptVIP

(1)将S拨向接点1，接通S1，调节________，使待测表头指针偏转到适当位置，记下此时________的读数I； (2)然后将S拨向接点2，调节________，使________，记下此时RN的读数； (3)多次重复上述过程，计算RN读数的________，此即为待测微安表头内阻的测量值． 解析　本题方法为替代法． 当S接1与接2时通过电路的电流I相同，可知待测 的内阻与RN的阻值相同． 答案　(1)R0　标准电流表(或A0) (2)RN　标准电流表(或A0)的读数仍为I (3)平均值 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 【典例1】 如图2所示，已知电源电动势 E＝4 V，内阻r＝1 Ω，R1＝31 Ω.滑动变阻器的总电阻R2＝46.5 Ω，滑动触头C距滑动变阻器两端距离之比AC∶CB＝1∶2，求各电表的读数． Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 答案　A1、V1、A2、A3的读数分别为0.125 A、1.94 V、0.062 5 A和0.062 5 A 借题发挥　理想电流表的内阻可看成0，理想电压表的内阻可看成无穷大．非理想电流表是个特殊的“电阻”：第一，它的内阻RA的阻值较小；第二，通过该“电阻”的电流是已知的，可从表盘上读出．非理想电压表也是个特殊的“电阻”：第一，它的内阻RV的阻值较大；第二，该“电阻”的电压是已知的，可从表盘上读出． Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. (2)电流表的两种不同接法(RA为电流表内阻，RV为电压表内阻) Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. ②试触法 如图3所示，空出电压表的一个接头S，然后将S分别与a、b试触一下，观察电压表和电流表的示数变化情况：若电流表示数有显著变化，说明电压表的分流作用较强，即Rx是一个高值电阻，应选用内接法，S应接b测量；若电压表示数有显著变化，说明电流表的分压作用较强，即Rx是一个低阻值电阻，应选用外接法，S应接a测量． Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyrigh