2015中考二轮复习-名词、冠词、数词.doc

中考二轮：专题复习一 名词、冠词、数词 【本讲教育信息】 一、教学内容： 专题复习一 名词、冠词、数词 1. 命题热点 2. 知识清单 3. 经典再现 二、知识总结与归纳 （一）名词 【命题热点】 1. 不可数名词 2. 可数名词复数规则形式的构成及不规则的拼写 3. 所有格的形式 【知识清单】 清单一：可数名词及其单复数 单数 a, an的用法 a house an apple a yellow bag an old man a useful dictionary 复数变化规则： 1）+s cup girl hand 2）以o结尾的+s zoo, radio, photo, piano, [hero, tomato, potato] 3）以s, sh, ch, x等结尾的+es class, bus, box, watch, brush 4）以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i再加es：factory, baby, city, country 5）特殊变化：man-men woman—women Frenchman-Frenchmen tooth-teeth mouse-mice goose-geese foot-feet child-children deer—deer fish-fish Japanese-Japanese Chinese—Chinese 用法点津 1）汉语拼音，单复数同形 yuan, li 2）某些只有复数形式的单词 clothes, pants, socks, shorts, glasses 清单二：不可数名词及其用法 不可数名词没有单复数之分，常用some/ any/much/a little/ little/ a lot of等来修饰。 e. g.: some bread much meat 如果表示具体的量，需借助量词。如： a bottle of orange two bags of rice two kilos of meat a piece of bread 清单三：名词所有格的构成及其用法 1. ’s 所有格的用法 （1）有生命的：Uncle Wang’s factory the teacher’s office Women’s Day （2）几个人共有的：This is Lucy and Lily’s room. These are Lucy’s and Lily’s rooms. （3）无生命的（时间、距离、国家、城市、团体）：today’s newspaper China’s population ten minutes’ walk Beijing’s parks 用法点津： 1）避免重复：It’s not Jane’s fault, but Jack’s (fault). Whose handwriting is better, Mike’s or Alice’s? 2）表示店铺、医院、学校、住宅及公共建筑： at my uncle’s (home) at the Greens’ (home) at the barber’s (shop) at the tailor’s (shop) 2. of所有格 无生命的：the floor of the classroom the title of the song the picture of the family 与人的生活密切相关的： today’s weather = the weather of today China’s economy= the economy of China the city’s parks = the parks of the city 3. 双重所有格 a toy of the boys’ several toys of the child’s a daughter of the old lady’s a mistake of mine an invention of his 清单四：名词作定语 构成复合形容词：He is an 8-year-old boy. 一般用单数：There are some banana trees by the river. There is only one man doctor and several women nurses in this hospital. (man, woman变复数) （二）冠词 【命题热点】 1. 不定冠词的用法 2. 定冠词的用法 3.