综合教程1英语资料.doc

由关系代词引导的定语从句 1.????? 关系代词: who, whom, which, that, whose, as 2.????? 用法 1)????? who指人, 是主格, 在句中作主语或宾语 The man who / that told you the news yesterday is a friend of mine. 2)????? whom指人, 是宾格, 在居中作宾语, 或跟在介词后面作介词宾语 He is the young man (who/whom/that) she loves. He is the man from whom I learned the news. (这里不能用who代替) = He is the man (who / whom) I learned the news from. 3)????? that 指物, 有时也指人, 在句中作主语或宾语 Do you know the man that / who talked with you just now? The painting (that / which) they are talking about was drawn by an artist. 4)????? which指物, 在句中作主语或宾语 The river which/that runs through the city is quite wide. This is the new umbrella (which/that) I bought last week. 5)????? whose既可修饰人也可修饰物, 是所有格, 在从句中作定语 I have a good friend whose father is a policeman. = I have a good friend, the father of whom is a policeman. = I have a good friend, of whom the father is a policeman. I want the dictionary whose cover has come off. =I want the dictionary, the cover of which has come off. =I want the dictionary, of which the cover has come off. 注: 如果whom, which, that在定语从句中作宾语, 关系代词可以省略 6)????? as 指人也指物, 在”the same…as”, “such … as”, “as…as” 的结构中使用, 在从句中作主语, 宾语或表语. He is not the same person as he was three year ago. He used such expressions as were mentioned in the dictionary. Tom is as clever a boy as Mike is. as作关系代词还可以引导非限制性定语从句, 可以放在主句前. As we all know, he is a famous inventor. As is known to all, he is a famous inventor. (as的现行词不是一个名词, 而是he is a famous inventor整个句子) 关系代词that和which的区别 在下列情况下, 通常用that指物, 而不用which 1)????? 先行词是something, anything, everything, nothing, little, all等不定代词时, 只能用that Is there anything (that) I can do for you? There is little (that) I can do for you. All (that) you have to do is to press the button. 2)????? 当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时 This is the tallest building (that) I have ever seen. 3)????? 当先行词被序数词修饰时 The first English novel (that) I have read is Tale of Two Cities. 4)????? 当先行词由only, no, very修饰时 This is the very dictionary (that) I want to buy. There is no