交流接触器的设计.doc

交流接触器的设计 摘 要 交流接触器主要由触头系统、灭弧系统和电磁系统组成。当线圈通电时,静铁芯产生电磁吸力,将动铁芯吸合,由于触头系统是与动铁芯联动的,因此动铁芯带动三条动触片同时运行,触点闭合,从而接通电源。当线圈断电时,吸力消失,动铁芯联动部分依靠弹簧的反作用力而分离,使主触头断开,切断电源。Abstract AC contactor, mainly composed of contact system，arc extinguishing system and electromagnetic system. When the coil is energized, a static iron core generates electromagnetic force, the moving iron core is attracted, because the contact system is associated with the movable iron core linkage, the movable iron core drives the three movable contact piece to run at the same time, contact is closed, thereby switching power supply. When the coil is de-energized, suction disappeared, the movable iron core linkage relies in part on the reaction force of the springs and the separation, the main contact is switched off, cut off the power supply. Contact is one of the key components of the contactor, its performance directly affects the entire electrical equipment breaking capacity, service life and reliability. Since the main form of contact wear is electrical wear, it is the main failure mode is to contact the contact resistance exceeds the allowable range, contact welding and contact burned. These failure modes are associated with the contact is switched on, or the breaking process of generating arc, arc to minimize negative impact is the key to improve the contact life. The contacts mounted on two ends of power electronic devices, in the contact opening and closing moments that make the current shunt, greatly reduce the occurrence of electric arc, thereby reducing contact ablation, significantly improve the contact life and reliability. 引 言 接触器是属于长期工作制的、用途最为广泛的低压电器之一，由于生产自动化程度的不断提高，对接触器产品数量有日益增长的要求，对产品的性能、质量、品种等要求也越来越高。但一般的交流接触器无论是就其自身的触头灭弧系统（动、静触头及灭弧罩等），还是其在降低大电动机启动电流方面都存在常规设计所不能克服的缺点。如：交流接触器的电寿命远远低于其机械寿命，无法降低电动机大电流启动对电网电压和自身使用寿命的影响等等。这些缺点不仅会浪费能源，增加不必要的自身损耗，甚至还会影响到电网中其它设备的正常使用。本文通过对交流接触器触头系统的改进，利用分流法实现电流的转移，控制触点回路的电流小于生弧电流，从而达到无弧或少弧分断的目的。 一 总体结构设计 电弧会对电器开关的电气特性产生很大的影响，电弧的存在，会大大的缩短电磁电器的电寿命等缺点。为此在触头两端并联MOSFET器件，以实现