2016年高三数学[理]创新的设计资料包1—3.pptVIP

基础诊断 考点突破 课堂总结 最新考纲　1.了解逻辑联结词“或”“且”“非”的含义；2.理解全称量词与存在量词的意义；3.能正确地对含有一个量词的命题进行否定． 第3讲 简单的逻辑联结词、全称量词与存在量词 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1．简单的逻辑联结词 (1)命题中的___、___、___叫做逻辑联结词． 知 识 梳 理 且 或 非 真 假 真 真 假 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2.全称量词与存在量词 (1)全称量词：短语“所有的”“任意一个”在逻辑中通常叫做全称量词，用“___”表示；含有全称量词的命题叫做全称命题． (2)存在量词：短语“存在一个”“至少有一个”在逻辑中通常叫做存在量词，用“___”表示；含有存在量词的命题叫做特称命题． ? ? Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 3．含有一个量词的命题的否定 命题 ?x∈M，p(x) ?x0∈M，p(x0) 命题的否定 _________________ ________________ ?x0∈M，綈p(x0) ?x∈M，綈p(x) Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 诊 断 自 测 √ × × × Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2．(2014·重庆卷)已知命题p：对任意x∈R，总有|x|≥0； q：x＝1是方程x＋2＝0的根．则下列命题为真命题的是 (　　) 答案　A Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 答案　B Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 4．若命题“?x∈R，ax2－ax－2≤0”是真命题，则实数a的取值范围是________． 答案　[－8，0] Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 5．(人教A选修2－1P27A3改编)给出下列命题： ①?x∈N，x3＞x2； ②所有可以被5整除的整数，末位数字都是0； ④存在一个四边形，它的对角线互相垂直． 则以上命题的否定中，真命题的序号为________． 答案　①②③ Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 考点一　含有逻辑联结词的命题及其真假判断 【例1】 (1)(2014·辽宁卷)设a，b，c是非零向量．已知命题p：若a·b＝0，b·c＝0，则a·c＝0；命题q：若a∥b，b∥c，则a∥c.则下列命题中真命题是 (　　) A．p∨q B．p∧q Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2