Francis-Bacon-Of-Studies综述.ppt

王佐良先生是诗人，讲诗、评诗、译诗得心应手。 他的不少著述是讲诗的： 《英国诗史》、 《英国浪漫主义诗歌史》、 《苏格兰诗选》、 《英诗的境界》、 《英国诗选》、 《英国诗文选译集》、 《读穆旦的诗》， 《英国文学名篇选注》等。 上中学时，他已在报刊上发表诗作多首。在西南联大写的两首诗被闻一多先生选入他的《现代诗钞》。上世纪40年代是他写诗的旺盛时期，写了《春天，想起了莎士比亚》、《异体十四行诗八首》、《去国行，1947》、《伦敦夜景》、《巴黎码头边》、《1948年圣诞节》等诗作。  当然，他最广为流传的篇作是翻译培根随笔集其中的《论学习》等，该译作的语言精炼优美传神，被广大读者视为是最权威的版本。 Francis Bacon “Of Studies” Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition(arrangement or management) of business. 读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。 ? (增添光彩) (优异的才能) For expert can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels (strategy), and the plots and marshalling ( arrangement or planning) of affairs come best from those that are learned. 练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹，全局策划， 则数好学深思者莫属。 ? To spend too much time in studies is sloth(laziness ); to use them too much for ornament is affectation ( posing); to make judgment wholly by their rules is the humor( mannerism) of a scholar. 读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文 断事乃学究故态。 Someones mannerisms are the gestures or ways of speaking which are very characteristic of them, and which they often use.习惯 They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience, for natural abilities are like natural plants that need pruning by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded(limited or checked) in by experience. ? 读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接，而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。(large but impractical) Crafty men contemn( look down on) studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. 有一技之长者鄙视读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。 Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk an