一般过去时和过去进行时综述.docVIP

一般过去时和过去进行时 重点:1、了解一般过去时的构成以及用法； 2、了解过去进行时的构成以及用法。 一般过去时 表示在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。句子的谓语要用动词的过去式，这种时态叫一般过去时。 1.谓语构成 一般过去时的谓语不管主语的人称和单复数都用动词的过去式表示，动词的过去式有规则与不规则两种。规则动词的过去式在动词原形后加-ed, 不规则动词的过去式要逐个记忆。 规则动词的过去式变化方式如下： 情 况 变 化 规 则 例 词 一般情况 在动词原形后 加-ed start→started work →worked enjoy→enjoyed finish →finished 以不发音的 e 结尾的词 在动词后加-d phone→phoned live →lived move→ moved hope →hoped 以辅音字母+y结尾的词 变y为 i， 再加-ed cry →cried carry →carried try →tried study →studied 以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词 双写该辅音字母，再加-ed plan→planned stop →stopped 不规则动词的过去式 （举例） begin → began go → went see → saw ` do → did get → got come →came leave →left am →was are → were give → gave have → had think → thought 2．一般过去时的否定式和疑问式 1）实义动词的一般过去时的否定式和疑问式要用助动词did帮助构成。疑问句的简单回答也要用助动词。（Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t） 否定句构成： 主语 + did not (didn’t) + 动词原形… 例如： I didn’ t see your sister last Sunday. 我上星期天没看见你的姐姐。 He did not go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没有去看电影. 疑问句构成：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 …? 例如：— Did you enjoy the film? 你喜欢这部电影吗？ --- Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 是的，我喜欢。/ 不，我不喜欢。 --- Did she go back before noon? 她是中午前回来的吗？ --- Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. 是的，她是的。/ 不，她不是。 2）”是” 动词be (was, were) 的一般过去时的否定句和疑问句不用助动词did，直接用’ was, were提问（放在主语前面）构成疑问句，在”是“动词后加not 构成否定句: was not / wasn’t were not / weren’t。 回答也一样。 例如： Was he at home last night? Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t. Were you in Class 1, Grade 3 last year? Yes, I was , / No, I wasn’t. Was your father busy last week? Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t. When were you born? I was born in 1990. Where were they last summer holiday? They were in Beijing. I was not born in 1988. We were not free yesterday. 3．一般过去时的用法 1）表示在确定的过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 常用的时间状语有： yesterday, last week（month, year…）, an hour ago, the other day (几天前) ，just now （刚才）, in 1998等。例如： I sent e-mail