高一定语从句讲解ppt.pptVIP

Attributive clause 一、定语从句的三个概念: 1. 定语从句：用来做定语的句子叫定语从句。 2. 关系词：引出定语从句的词叫关系词。 3. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 二、关系词在从句中的作用： 1. 引导定语从句； 2. 关系词本身没有词义，代替先行词 的词义； 3. 必须充当定语从句中的一个成分. **根据在定语从句中所充当的成分将引 导定语从句的关系词分为： 关系代词和关系副词。 三. 关系词的用法： （一）引导定语从句的关系代词有: who, whom, whose, that, which, as。 在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语(whose)等成分。 1．先行词是人时的情况： 1)先行词是人, 从句中缺少主语时, 用who或that作从句的主语。 e.g. I have a friend who/that likes listening to classic music. 我有一个喜欢听古典音乐的朋友。 注意定语从句的翻译！ 2）先行词是人，从句中缺动词宾语或介词宾语时，用whom,who或that。 e.g. She is the girl whom/who/that I met at the meeting. 她是那个我在会议上遇到的女孩。 e.g. He wants to return the book to the girl whom/who/that he cares for. 他想把书还给那个他喜欢的女孩子。 可以把从句中的for提前吗？那么第二个句子中的介词呢？ e.g. He wants to return the book to the girl whom/who/that he cares for. He wants to return the book to the girl whom/who/that you know well about. He wants to return the book to the girl about whom you know well. * I. 当先行词是one, ones, anybody, anyone, all, none, those 等, 指人时 一般用who，不用that。 e.g. Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school. (教材U6 reading里还有一句作为例证） 2. 先行词是物时的情况： 1）先行词是物, 从句中缺少主语时, 用that, which。 e.g. You’d better not drink water which /that has not been boiled. 你最好不要喝没开的水。 2）先行词是物, 从句中缺少动词宾语或介词宾语时, 用which或 that。 e.g. Finally the thief handed the money which /that he stole to the police. 最后小偷把他偷的钱交给了警察。 e.g. This is the house which/that once Lu Xun lived in. 这是鲁迅曾经居住过的房子。 II. 在以疑问词who开头的句子中, 或关系代词在从句中作表语时, 用that, 不用who。 e.g. Who is the man that is shouting there? 正在那边叫喊的那个人是谁？ e.g. She is not the girl that she used to be. 她已经不是过去的她了。 3.下列情况下, 最好用that引导定语从句: 1）先行词是不定代词, 如all, little, few, much, anything, everything, nothing, none, some 等。 e.g. Is there anything that you want? 2）先行词被all, every, no, some, little, few, much, one of , the only, the very, the right 等所修饰时