人教版高中数学演示课件-7-1直线的倾斜角与斜率2.pptVIP

直线的倾斜角和斜率 秦皇岛市职业技术学校 李天乐 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 回顾 直线的方程 方程的直线 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 一、倾斜角 定义：在平面直角坐标系中，对于一条 与x轴相交的直线，如果把x轴绕 着交点按逆时针方向旋转到和直 线重合时所转的最小正角记为a， 那么a就叫做直线的倾斜角。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 如下图： y y x x o o a a l l a是直线l的倾斜角 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 当直线和x轴平行或重合时，我们规定直线的倾斜角为0 。 因此倾斜角的取值范围是0 =a180 o o o Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 二、斜率 倾斜角不是90 的直线，它的倾斜角的正切叫做这条直线的斜率。直线的斜率常用k表示，即 k＝tana o Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 注释： 1、倾斜角是90度的直线没有斜率；倾斜角不是90度的直线都有斜率。 2、倾斜角和斜率都是反映直线相对于x轴正方向的倾斜程度的。倾斜角是直接反映这种倾斜程度的，斜率等于倾斜角的正切值。 3、当倾斜角等于90度时，直线没有斜率。 4、由正切函数的单调性，倾斜角不同的直线，其斜率也不同。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 三、直线斜率的坐标表示 (1)当直线的倾斜角不等于900时. P1 P2 α 设P1, P2坐标分别为P1(x1, y1) 和P2(x1, y1), 直线的倾斜角为α,斜率是K P Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. P1 P2 α P 而且直线OP的倾斜角也是α. 根据正切函数的定义, Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. P1 P2 α P Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. (2)当直线的倾斜角为900时. 想一想:直线的斜率怎么样? (3)当直线的倾斜角为00时. 想一想:直线的斜率是多少? 直线没有斜率 直线的斜率为0 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2