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A systematic review of the human body burden of e-waste exposure in China.pdf

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A systematic review of the human body burden of e-waste exposure in China

Environment International 68 (2014) 82–93 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Environment International j ourna l homepage: www.e lsev ie r .com/ locate /env intReviewA systematic review of the human body burden of e-waste exposure in ChinaQingbin Song, Jinhui Li ? State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China? Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 1062794143; fax: + E-mail address: jinhui@ (J. Li). /10.1016/j.envint.2014.03.018 0160-4120/? 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.a b s t r a c ta r t i c l e i n f oArticle history: Received 14 January 2014 Accepted 18 March 2014 Available online 6 April 2014 Keywords: E-waste Exposure source and pathways Human body burden Human health ChinaAs China is one of the countries facing the most serious pollution and human exposure effects of e-waste in the world, much of the population there is exposed to potentially hazardous substances due to informal e-waste recycling processes. This report reviews recent studies on human exposure to e-waste in China, with particular focus on exposure routes (e.g. dietary intake, inhalation, and soil/dust ingestion) and human body burden markers (e.g. placenta, umbilical cord blood, breast milk, blood, hair, and urine) and assesses the evidence for the association between such e-waste exposure and the human body burden in China. The results suggest that residents in the e-waste exposure areas, located mainly in the three traditional e-waste recycling sites (Taizhou, Guiyu, andQingyuan), are facedwith a potential higher daily intake of these pollutants than residents in the con- trol areas, especially via food ingestion. Moreover, pollutants (PBBs, PBDEs, PCBs, PCDD/Fs, and heavy metals) from the e-waste recycling processes were all detectable in the tissue samples at high levels, showing that they had entered residents bodies through the environment and dietary exposure. Children and neonates