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Solving Polynomial Systems Using a Branch and Prune Approach.pdf

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Solving Polynomial Systems Using a Branch and Prune Approach

Solving Polynomial Systems Using a Branch and Prune ApproachP. Van HentenryckBrown UniversityBox 1910Providence, RI 02912pvh@ D. McAllesterMIT AI LabTechnology Square, 545Cambridge, USAdam@ D. KapurSUNY at AlbanyDep. of Computer ScienceAlbany, NY-12222kapur@AbstractThis paper presents Newton, a branch prune algorithm to nd all isolated solutions of a systemof polynomial constraints. Newton can be characterized as a global search method which usesintervals for numerical correctness and for pruning the search space early. The pruning in Newtonconsists in enforcing at each node of the search tree a unique local consistency condition, called box-consistency, which approximates the notion of arc-consistency well-known in articial intelligence.Box-consistency is parametrized by an interval extension of the constraint and can be instantiatedto produce Hansen-Segupta narrowing operator (used in interval methods) as well as new operatorswhich are more eective when the computation is far from a solution. Newton has been evaluatedon a variety of benchmarks from kinematics, chemistry, combustion, economics, and mechanics.On these benchmarks, it outperforms the interval methods we are aware of and compares well withstate-of-the-art continuation methods. Limitations of Newton (e.g. a sensitivity to the size of theinitial intervals on some problems) are also discussed. Of particular interest is the mathematicaland programming simplicity of the method.1 IntroductionMany applications in science and engineering (e.g. chemistry, robotics, economics, mechanics)require nding all isolated solutions to a system of polynomial constraints over real numbers. Thisproblem is dicult due to its inherent computational complexity (i.e., it is NP-hard) and due tothe numerical issues involved to guarantee correctness (i.e., nding all solutions) and to ensuretermination. Several interesting methods have been proposed in the past for this task, includingtwo fundamentally dierent methods: inter