The Emergence of the Marked Root-Domain Markedness in Lakhota.pdfVIP

下载本文档

4
0
约3.1万字
约 11页
2017-04-05 发布于江苏
举报
版权申诉

The Emergence of the Marked Root-Domain Markedness in Lakhota.pdf

1、原创力文档（book118）网站文档一经付费（服务费），不意味着购买了该文档的版权，仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用，不得用于商业用途，未经授权，严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等，侵权必究。。
2、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传，本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺！文档内容仅供研究参考，付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费，意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险，本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务；查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档，您可以点击这里二次下载。
3、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等，请点击“版权申诉”（推荐），也可以打举报电话：400-050-0827(电话支持时间：9:00-18:30)。
4、该文档为VIP文档，如果想要下载，成为VIP会员后，下载免费。
5、成为VIP后，下载本文档将扣除1次下载权益。下载后，不支持退款、换文档。如有疑问请联系我们。
6、成为VIP后，您将拥有八大权益，权益包括：VIP文档下载权益、阅读免打扰、文档格式转换、高级专利检索、专属身份标志、高级客服、多端互通、版权登记。
7、VIP文档为合作方或网友上传，每下载1次，网站将根据用户上传文档的质量评分、类型等，对文档贡献者给予高额补贴、流量扶持。如果你也想贡献VIP文档。上传文档

The Emergence of the Marked Root-Domain Markedness in Lakhota

LSA–Boston Adam Albright Jan. 10, 2004 albright@ The Emergence of theMarked: Root-DomainMarkedness in Lakhota 1 Introduction (1) The basic observation: marked structures are distributed unevenly throughout language, with “strong” or “privileged” positions frequently allowing a greater range of structures ? Positional neutralization (Trubetzkoy 1939 (1962); Steriade 1994; Jun 1995; Padgett 1995; Steriade 1997; Casali 1997; Beckman 1998; Lombardi 1999; Zhang 2002; Barnes 2002; Alderete 2003; Steriade, in press; and many others) Onsets Stressed syls Roots Root-initial syls ??????? tend to allow a wider range of structures than ??????? codas unstressed syls affixes or reduplicants root-final syls (2) The standard recipe for handling this asymmetry in OT: 1. Provide constraints that refer specifically to strong/privileged positions, such as:? Positional faithfulness (Casali 1997; Beckman 1998): IDENTRoot (constricted glottis) (pre- serve ejectives in roots), etc.? Positional markedness (Zoll 1998; Smith 2002) 2. High-ranked positional constraints determine the range of structures in strong positions /t’apa/ IDENTRoot (c.g.) *[+c.g.]? a. t’apa * b. tapa *! 3. The markedness constraint *[+c.g.] is outranked, but still present in the grammar; it can still play a role when IDENTRoot (c.g.) is not relevant (such as outside roots) E.g., hypothetical suffix /-t’a/: /pala-t’a/ IDENTRoot (c.g.) *[+c.g.] IDENT(c.g.) a. pala-t’a *!? b. pala-ta *? The emergence of the unmarked (TETU; McCarthy and Prince 1994)): lower rankedmarked- ness constraints get their way when special faithfulness constraints are inapplicable (3) Asymmetries in possible structures are a natural consequence of two assumptions OT: ? Universal constraint set contains constraints that are designed to license/preserve a greater range of contrasts in privileged positions (see esp. Smith 2003) ? Outranked constraints are nonetheless active in the grammar, waiting to have an effect with higher-ranked positional constr