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Waste-to-energy plant for paper industry sludges disposal technical-economic study.pdf

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Waste-to-energy plant for paper industry sludges disposal technical-economic study

Journal of Hazardous Materials B81 (2001) 265–283 Waste-to-energy plant for paper industry sludges disposal: technical-economic study Antonio C. Caputo, Pacifico M. Pelagagge ? Faculty of Engineering, University of L’Aquila, 67040 Monteluco, L’Aquila, Italy Received 1 August 2000; received in revised form 1 November 2000; accepted 4 November 2000 Abstract In this work, a detailed technical-economic analysis of a fluidized bed based waste-to-energy system for disposal of paper manufacturing sludges has been carried out. Specific reference is made to a case study represented by the largest plant in Italy producing recycled paper, with a daily sludge output of about 52 t. The adopted plant has been sized for a nominal capacity of 140 t per day also allowing the progressive elimination of sludges accumulated in a previously utilized landfill, giving a nominal electrical power output of 3.5 MW. The main plant sections have been described and the adopted technical solutions have been out- lined. A detailed process and equipment characterization has been carried out leading to a thorough evaluation of capital investment, operating costs and revenues. A differential analysis has been performed with respect to the alternative solution represented by the disposal of untreated sludges in an external landfill in order to highlight the savings obtainable. The economic profitability of the investment has been evaluated regarding several performance indices. The economic evaluation has been completed by a sensitivity and risk analysis in order to assess the effects of uncertainties in the economically significant parameters. Adopting most probable values, the savings obtained with the considered waste-to-energy system are evaluated in the 15–20 million Euro range during the estimated plant life of 15 years with a foreseen pay back time of 4 years. Moreover, many envi- ronmental benefits result such as the remediation of existing landfill, the avoidance of new landfills opening and