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A convergence theorem for a two-species competition system with slow diffusion.pdf

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A convergence theorem for a two-species competition system with slow diffusion

2014 Madrid Conference on Applied Mathematics in honor of Alfonso Casal, Electronic Journal of Differential Equations, Conference 22 (2015), pp. 47–51. ISSN: 1072-6691. URL: or ftp A CONVERGENCE THEOREM FOR A TWO-SPECIES COMPETITION SYSTEM WITH SLOW DIFFUSION GEORG HETZER, LOURDES TELLO Dedicated to Professor Alfonso Casal on his 70th birthday Abstract. This article concerns the effect of slow diffusion in two-species competition-diffusion problem with spatially homogeneous nearly identical re- action terms. In this case all (nonnegative) equilibria are spatially homoge- neous, and the set of nontrivial equilibria is the graph of a C1-curve. This article shows convergence of positive solutions to an equilibria which is deter- mined by the initial data. The proof relies on the existence of a Lyapunov function and is adapted from [6] which dealt with linear diffusion. 1. Introduction We study the asymptotic behavior of positive solutions of the two-species system ut ??pu = ug(u, v) in (0,∞)× ?, vt ? d?qv = rvg(u, v) in (0,∞)× ?, ?nu = 0 = ?nv on (0,∞)× ??. u(0, x) = u0(x) in ?, v(0, x) = v0(x) in ?. (1.1) under the following hypotheses: (H1) N ∈ N, ? ? RN bounded smooth domain, p, q max{2, N}, d, r 0; (H2) g ∈ C2(R2+,R), ?jg 0 for j = 1, 2, g(0, 0) 0; g is negative outside a bounded region. Slow diffusion (p, q 2) arises in filtration, and (1.1) could, e.g., model the spread of microorganisms in lymph nodes. The case considered here can be thought of as competition between a species and one of its mutants. The crucial difference is the dispersal, but no spatial adaptation has taken place, and the fitness function differ at most by a constant factor r 0, in applications r = 1. Our main result states that every positive solution of (1.1) converges to one of the nontrivial equilibria. The same result has been obtained in [6] for linear 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 35K57, 35K65. Key words and phrases. Two-species competition-diffusion system; slow dis