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A functional-analytic theory of vertex (operator) algebras, I.pdf

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A functional-analytic theory of vertex (operator) algebras, I

a r X i v : m a t h / 9 8 0 8 0 2 2 v 1 [ m a t h .Q A ] 5 A u g 1 9 9 8 A functional-analytic theory of vertex (operator) algebras, I Yi-Zhi Huang Abstract This paper is the first in a series of papers developing a functional- analytic theory of vertex (operator) algebras and their representations. For an arbitrary Z-graded finitely-generated vertex algebra (V, Y,1) satisfying the standard grading-restriction axioms, a locally convex topological completion H of V is constructed. By the geometric in- terpretation of vertex (operator) algebras, there is a canonical linear map from V ? V to V (the algebraic completion of V ) realizing lin- early the conformal equivalence class of a genus-zero Riemann sur- face with analytically parametrized boundary obtained by deleting two ordered disjoint disks from the unit disk and by giving the obvi- ous parametrizations to the boundary components. We extend such a linear map to a linear map from H??H (?? being the completed ten- sor product) to H, and prove the continuity of the extension. For any finitely-generated C-graded V -module (W,YW ) satisfying the standard grading-restriction axioms, the same method also gives a topologi- cal completion HW of W and gives the continuous extensions from H??HW to HW of the linear maps from V ?W to W realizing linearly the above conformal equivalence classes of the genus-zero Riemann surfaces with analytically parametrized boundaries. 0 Introduction We begin a systematic study of the functional-analytic structure of vertex (operator) algebras and their representations in this paper. Vertex (operator) algebras were introduced rigorously in mathematics by Borcherds and by Frenkel, Lepowsky and Meurman (see [B], [FLM] and 1 [FHL]). Incorporating modules and intertwining operators, the author in- troduced intertwining operator algebras in [H5]. The original definition of vertex (operator) algebra is purely algebraic, but a geometric interpretation of vertex operators motivated by the p