2非谓语动词做宾补的归纳.pdfVIP

第 1 页 第 2 讲 非谓语动词做宾补的归纳 教学目标：在前面非谓语动词单项选择的基础上，进行理论和实践的提高，争取在综合能力上有所突 破。 第一部分：非谓语动词做宾补的情形和考点 一：分词、不定式做宾语补足语的区别 1. 感官动词 see,watch,observe,look at, hear, listen to ,notice等和使役动词have后面的宾补有两种情况： ① 当宾语与宾语补足语这个动作之间存在逻辑上的主动关系时，需用不带 to 的动词不定式或者 现在分词 doing。前者表动作已完成，后者表动作正在进行。 如：I heard her sing an Englihs song just now.(主动，完成) I heard her singing an English song when I passed by.(主动，进行) ②当宾语与宾语补足语之间存在逻辑上的被动关系时，需用过去分词或现在分词的被动形态 being done（前者表完成或者没有具体的时间性，而后者表示正在进行） 如：I heard an English song being sung when I passed by the room. I want to have my hair cut.(被动，没有具体的时间性) 一定注意：不及物动词的过去分词不表被动，只表示这个动作处于完成状态。 如： I looked down at my neck and found my necklace gone.(表完成) I was surprised to find my hometown changed so much .(不是说被改变，而是说变化已然产生了，注 意这个 change 是不及物动词，如 the world is always changing.一样) 2. 使役动词 let 后加复合宾语时，当宾语与宾语补足语在逻辑上为主动关系时，需用不带 to 的动词 不定式；当宾语与宾语补足语在逻辑上为被动关系时，宾语补足语用“be + 过去分词“； 如： Don’t let your child play with matches. Let there be no mistake about it. Let the work be done immediately. 3. leave 后接非谓语动词做补足语的时候，意思为“使…处于某种状态” 搭配有：①leave sb doing sth. ②Leave sth. undone,unfinished,unsettled,untouched ③ Leave sb. to do sth. ④ Leave sth. to be done 如：It’s bad for you to leave the A/C working all night. The guests left most of the dishes untouched. He left, leaving me to do all the rest work. 第 2 页 We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to be settled. 4. have, get 后面接非谓语动词做宾语补足语时，意思为“使，让，叫” 搭配有：①have/get sth. done (让某事由别人去做，让别人帮做某事) 如：I’ll have/get my bike repaired tomorrow. ②Have sth.done “使遭受…” 如： Jack had his leg broken in a match. ③Have sb/sth. doing 让…持续地做某事 ④Get sb./sth. doing 使…开始行动起来 如： After a rest, the officer got the soldiers moving to the front. 一定注意：have sb. doing 若是用在否定句中，have 意思是“容忍” 如： I won’t have you speaking to your dad like that. ⑤have sb. d