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Autonomous Detection of Angle Random Walk System of Satellite.pdf

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Autonomous Detection of Angle Random Walk System of Satellite

IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL, VOL. 13, NO. 1, JANUARY 2013 211 Autonomous Detection of Angle Random Walk and Quantization Noise of Fiber Optic Gyro in Attitude Determination System of Satellite Rui Yuan, Ningfang Song, Guohua Zhang, and Jing Jin Abstract— An algorithm for autonomously detecting angle random walk and quantization noise of fiber optic gyro in attitude determination system of satellite is proposed. To remove the information of satellite movement from gyro output, a star sensor can be used as an attitude standard, and the difference between angle increments of star sensor and gyro can be taken. The residual of the difference is analyzed using a simplified Allan variance method. As a byproduct of the difference, the noise of star sensor disturbs the variance analysis. This disturbance is reduced by a self-cancellation algorithm of star sensor noise. The simulation results show that the algorithm can detect 4.19exp-4°/ √ h angle random walk and 4.39exp-6° quantization noise in real time, and reflect degenerations in angle random walk and quantization noise of gyro caused by gamma radiation in space. The algorithm meets the requirements of autonomous detection in space, and is beneficial to performance maintainabil- ity and reconfiguration of the attitude determination system in satellite without any ground support. Index Terms— Attitude determination system, fault detection, fiber optic gyro (FOG), satellite. I. INTRODUCTION AGOOD knowledge of random walk and quantizationnoise of fiber optic gyro (FOG) is necessary for Kalman filters which are typically employed in modern inertial guid- ance systems for calibration of instrument parameters and for system alignment in space [1]. Angle random walk of FOG becomes a dominant noise source in high-precision attitude control applications such as satellite alignment and stability of astronomical telescope. Quantization noise usually represents the minimum resolution of FOG. However, angle random walk and quantization noi