Evolution of Mid-IR Excess Around Sun-like Stars Constraints on Models of Terrestrial Plane.pdf

Evolution of Mid-IR Excess Around Sun-like Stars Constraints on Models of Terrestrial Plane.pdf

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Evolution of Mid-IR Excess Around Sun-like Stars Constraints on Models of Terrestrial Plane

a r X i v : 0 7 1 2 .1 0 5 7 v 1 [ a s t r o - p h ] 6 D e c 2 0 0 7 Evolution of Mid–IR Excess Around Sun–like Stars: Constraints on Models of Terrestrial Planet Formation M.R. Meyer1, J.M. Carpenter2, E.E. Mamajek3, L.A. Hillenbrand2, D. Hollenbach4, A. Moro–Martin5, J.S. Kim1, M.D. Silverstone1, J. Najita6, D.C. Hines7, I. Pascucci1, J.R. Stauffer8, J. Bouwman9, D.E. Backman10 ABSTRACT We report observations from the Spitzer Space Telescope (SST) regarding the frequency of 24 μm excess emission toward sun-like stars. Our unbiased sample is comprised of 309 stars with masses 0.7-2.2 M⊙ and ages from 3 Myr to 3 Gyr that lack excess emission at wavelengths ≤8 μm. We identify 30 stars that exhibit clear evidence of excess emission from the observed 24/8μm flux ratio. The implied 24 μm excesses of these candidate debris disk systems range from 13 % (the minimum detectable) to more than 100% compared to the expected photospheric emission. The frequency of systems with evidence for dust debris emitting at 24 μm ranges from 8.5–19 % at ages 300 Myr to 4 % for older stars. The results suggest that many, perhaps most, sun-like stars might form terrestrial planets. Subject headings: planetary systems: formation; infrared: stars; stars: circum- stellar matter 1Steward Observatory, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; mmeyer, serena, msilverstone, pascucci – @as.arizona.edu 2Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA; jmc, lah – @astro.caltech.edu 3Harvard–Smithsonian CfA, Cambridge, MA; emamajek@cfa.harvard.edu 4NASA–Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA; hollenbach@ism.arc.nasa.gov 5Astronomy, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ; amaya@astro.princeton.edu 6National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Tucson, AZ; jnajita@noao.edu 7Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO; hines@spacescience.org 8Spitzer Science Center, Pasadena, CA; stauffer@ipac.caltech.edu 9Max–Planck Institut fu?r Astronomie, Heidelberg, Germany; bouwman@mpia.mpg.de 10SETI Institute,

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