Mutual Absolute Continuity of Harmonic and Surface Measures for Hormander Type Operators.pdf
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Mutual Absolute Continuity of Harmonic and Surface Measures for Hormander Type Operators
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MUTUAL ABSOLUTE CONTINUITY OF HARMONIC AND SURFACE
MEASURES FOR HO?RMANDER TYPE OPERATORS
LUCA CAPOGNA, NICOLA GAROFALO, AND DUY-MINH NHIEU
Dedicated to Professor Maz’ya, on his 70th birthday
1. Introduction
In this paper we study the Dirichlet problem for the sub-Laplacian associated with a system
X = {X1, ...,Xm} of C∞ real vector fields in Rn satisfying Ho?rmander’s finite rank condition
(1.1) rank Lie[X1, ...,Xm] ≡ n.
Throughout this paper n ≥ 3, and X?j denotes the formal adjoint of Xj . The sub-Laplacian
associated with X is defined by
(1.2) Lu =
m∑
j=1
X?jXju .
A distributional solution of Lu = 0 is called L-harmonic. Ho?rmander’s hypoellipticity theorem
[H] guarantees that every L-harmonic function is C∞, hence it is a classical solution of Lu = 0.
We consider a bounded open set D ? Rn, and study the Dirichlet problem
(1.3)
{
Lu = 0 in D ,
u = φ on ?D .
Using Bony’s maximum principle [B] one can show that for any φ ∈ C(?D) there exists a
unique Perron-Wiener-Brelot solution HDφ to (1.3). We focus on the boundary regularity of the
solution. In particular, we identify a class of domains, which are referred to as ADPX domains
(admissible for the Dirichlet problem), for which we prove the mutual absolute continuity of the
L-harmonic measure dωx and of the so-called horizontal perimeter measure dσX = PX(D; ·) on
?D. The latter constitutes the appropriate replacement for the standard surface measure on ?D
and plays a central role in sub-Riemannian geometry. Moreover, we show that a reverse Ho?lder
inequality holds for a suitable Poisson kernel which is naturally associated with the system X.
As a consequence of such reverse Ho?lder inequality we then derive the solvability of (1.3) for
boundary data φ ∈ Lp(?D, dσX), for 1 p ≤ ∞. If instead the domain D belongs to the
smaller class σ?ADPX introduced in Definition 8.10 below, we prove that L-harmonic measure
is mutually absolutely continuous
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