量子答案集08.pdfVIP

  1    2008   1   2008   5    2008   11   2008   15    2008   21   2008   27  ! 2008   #$% 35   ()* 2008   41 + ,  2008   45 - ./ 0 2008   51 - 12 2008   57 - 34 2008   61 - 5  2008   65 1  2 67 89:;=; 2008 ?@A;BC  i ? ?t ψ = ?  2 2μ ?2ψ + V (r)ψ   ?   f  H? = P? 2 2μ ? fx    ρ(P, t)  ?ρ ?t  ?ρ ?P   q  E  H? = P? 2 2μ + 1 2 μω2x2 ? qEx  s = 1 2           ψ0 = N0e? α2x2 2 , ψ1 = N1αxe ?α2x2 2 , α = (μω  )1/2, N0 = ( α2 π )1/4, N1 = √ 2N0  a) ! L2 = (σ · L)(σ · L+ )  L   σ  b)  {J?2 = (L+ S)2 = (L+  2 σ)2, J?z}  |j,mj〉  (σ · L)2  # ? (σ · L)2 ?  $ μ % V (x) = ?Aδ(x) (A 0)    D ? i ? ?t ψ(r, t) = ?  2 2μ ?2ψ(r, t) + V (r)ψ(r, t) (1.1) ?i ? ?t ψ?(r, t) = ?  2 2μ ?2ψ?(r, t) + V (r)ψ?(r, t) (1.2) ψ × (1.2)? ψ? × (1.1) ( ?ρ ?t +? ·j = 0 (1.3)  ρ = ψ?(r, t)ψ(r, t)   j = ? i 2μ [ψ??ψ ? ψ?ψ?]  ?$  ψ(r, t) # 1 )* +  2008 ,!  V = V1 + iV2   ?ρ ?t +? ·j = 2V 2  |ψ|2   ? i ? ?t φ(p, t) = [ p2 2μ + V (i?p)]φ(p, t) (1.4) ?i ? ?t φ?(p, t) = [ p2 2μ + V ?(i?p)]φ?(p, t) (1.5) φ× (1.4)? φ? × (1.5) ( ?i ? ?t ρ(p, t) = [φV ?(i?p)φ? ? φ?V (i?p)φ] (1.6) #   V = ?if d dp  (1.6) $ ? ?t ρ(p, t) = i  × (if)[φ ? ?p φ? + φ? ? ?p φ] = ?f [φ ? ?p φ? + φ? ? ?p φ] (1.7) ?ρ ?p = φ ? ?p φ? + φ? ? ?p φ (1.8) ( ?ρ ?t = ?f ?ρ ?p (1.9) (1.9) $- t %  p   (1.9) $. dρ dp  t %  p !  / H? = P? 2 2μ + 1 2 μω2(x? x0)2 ? q 2E2 2μω2 0 [(x? x0), p?] = i  En = (n + 1 2 )ω ? q 2E2 2μω2 , n = 0, 1, 2 · · ·    1 1 ψn(x, y, z) = ψn1(x)ψn2(y)ψn