煤油冷却器的设计（处理量为5500kgh） 毕业论文.doc

摘要 本设计为固定管板式换热器,主要有外壳、管板、封头等部件组成。其特点是造价低，无内漏旁路渗流较小，处理能力大，选用的材料范围广。本设计采用单壳程，双管程。管程工作压力为1.6MPa，工作温度30℃，介质为水。壳程工作压力2MPa，工作温度138℃，介质为煤油。 换热器作为流体间传热设备，在工业生产中有很高的比重。所以，在换热器的开发与研究上，不仅需要满足各种工艺条件，而且对综合应用能力也有很高得要求。设计时应该加大效率，减少成本，使经济效益也优先考虑。着重探究结构参数，换热性能等方面带来的影响。从查阅资料文献,确定参数和工艺设计计算；然后进行设计及相关图纸的绘制,到最后论文成稿，画出装配图和零件图。 固定管板式换热器的设计包括：管子的规格和排列方式、圆筒、封头、管板的材料选择及厚度设计，拆流板、防冲板的选择等。首先是选择管子，以查看介质来确定是否需要清洗为原则。管子在管板上的排列方式选择为正三角形排列。因为此时管板的强度高、流体短路机会少，还可以排列更多的管子。壳体厚度计算式是由圆筒薄膜应力准则推导出的。其最小壁厚应不小于封头内径的0.15%。管板作为管壳式换热器最重要的部件之一，在选材时除力学性能外，还应考虑流体的腐蚀性的影响。在计算时，要在满足材料的强度要求的下，尽量减少管板的厚度。拆流板选择为圆缺型挡板，切去的高度一般是外壳内径的20%—25%。 换热器类型的选择取决于怎样的生产工艺和生产规模的大小,耗能低,传热效率高。维护换热器意义在提高技术方面具有十分重要的意义。换热器的合理设计可以使工业更为完善,性能得改善也与现有能源合理化的利用的密不可分。 关键： 换热器； 管板； 壳程； 管程； 挡板 Abstract The design of fixed tube plate heat exchanger is mainly composed of a casing, a tube plate, head and other components. The feature is that the cost is low, the seepage flow is small, the processing capacity is large, and the material range is wide. This design uses a single shell and double tube pass. The working pressure of the pipe is 1.6MPa, the working temperature is 30 degrees centigrade, and the medium is water. Shell side working pressure 2MPa, operating temperature of 138 degrees Celsius, medium for kerosene. Heat exchanger, as a heat transfer equipment, has a high proportion in industrial production. Therefore, in the development and research of heat exchanger, not only need to meet the various technical conditions, but also have a very high demand for comprehensive application ability. Design should increase efficiency, reduce costs,so that economic benefits are also a priority. The influence of structural parameters and heat transfer performance is emphasized. From access to the literature,to determine the parameters and process design and calculation, and then design and drawing the relevant drawings, to the final paper into a draft, drawing the assembly drawing and part drawing. Design of fixed tube plate heat exchanger