Borodovsky_阿尔泰地区妇女的配饰.pdf

Copyright ? 2010, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.aeae.2010.02.006 Archaeology Ethnology Anthropology of Eurasia 37/4 (2009) 51–56 E-mail: Eurasia@archaeology.nsc.ru ARCHAEOLOGY, ETHNOLOGY ANTHROPOLOGY OF EURASIA Introduction Triquestrums are a speci c feature of the Early Iron Age culture of Southern Siberia. The term was introduced by A.D. Grach with reference to embossed circular gold adornments from Tuva (Sagly Bazhi II, burial mound 3; Duzherlig Khovuzu I, burial mound 2). These objects resemble a cockade with the representation of a carnivorous bird’s head (Grach, 1980: 35, 36). Ornate tops of thick metal pins (Fig. 1, 3; 2, 3; 3, 1) named triquestrums were discovered at the Maima IV burial ground in the lower reaches of the Katun River. They were composed of a thick iron rod and a cast bronze base bearing zoomorphic and solar images and covered with gold foil (Burykina, 1989: 69; Kireyev, 1994: 41). In our view, the term ‘triquestrum’ can be used with reference to complex robust tops of pins made of various materials (gold, bronze, and iron) and decorated in the TRIQUESTRUMS OF THE SCYTHIAN PERIOD IN THE NORTHERN ALTAI Triquestrums, or ornaments of female headgear widely used in Gorny Altai and Tuva during the Scythian period no later than the 1st millennium BC are described. Most of them were found in unlooted Early Iron Age burials on the lower Katun River (Chultukov Log-1, Barangol-1 and 2). The decoration of triquestrums re ects all the diversity of Scythian-Siberian animal style. The fact that these ornaments are distributed in the northern Altai suggests that they were a distinct element of the northern local variant of the Pazyryk culture. Keywords: Altai, Early Iron Age, Scythian period, headgear, Scythian-Siberian style, Pazyryk culture. Scythian-Sibe