ZmGA3ox2, a candidate gene for a major QTL, qPH3.1, for plant height in maize.pdfVIP

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ZmGA3ox2, a candidate gene for a major QTL, qPH3.1, for plant height in maize.pdf

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ZmGA3ox2, a candidate gene for a major QTL, qPH3.1, for plant height in maize

ZmGA3ox2, a candidate gene for a major QTL, qPH3.1, for plant height in maize Feng Teng1, Lihong Zhai1, Ruixiang Liu2, Wei Bai2, Liqiu Wang1, Dongao Huo1, Yongsheng Tao2, Yonglian Zheng1 and Zuxin Zhang1,* 1National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China, and 2College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China Received 24 December 2011; revised 22 September 2012; accepted 25 September 2012; published online 10 December 2012. *For correspondence (email zuxinzhang@). SUMMARY Maize plant height is closely associated with biomass, lodging resistance and grain yield. Determining the genetic basis of plant height by characterizing and cloning plant height genes will guide the genetic improvement of crops. In this study, a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for plant height, qPH3.1, was identified on chromosome 3 using populations derived from a cross between Zong3 and its chromosome segment substitution line, SL15. The plant height of the two lines was obviously different, and application of exo- genous gibberellin A3 removed this difference. QTL mapping placed qPH3.1 within a 4.0 cM interval, explaining 32.3% of the phenotypic variance. Furthermore, eight homozygous segmental isolines (SILs) developed from two larger F2 populations further narrowed down qPH3.1 to within a 12.6 kb interval. ZmGA3ox2, an ortholog of OsGA3ox2, which encodes a GA3 b-hydroxylase, was positionally cloned. Associ- ation mapping identified two polymorphisms in ZmGA3ox2 that were significantly associated with plant height across two experiments. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that SL15 had higher ZmGA3ox2 expression relative to Zong3. The resultant higher GA1 accumulation led to longer internodes in SL15 because of increased cell lengths. Moreover, a large deletion in the coding region of ZmGA3ox2 is responsible for the dwarf mutant d1-6016. The successfully isolated qPH3.1 enriches our knowledge on the genetic basis of pla