Application of Methods for Identifying Broiler Chicken Gut Bacterial.pdf

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Application of Methods for Identifying Broiler Chicken Gut Bacterial.pdf

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Application of Methods for Identifying Broiler Chicken Gut Bacterial

APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, Feb. 2008, p. 783–791 Vol. 74, No. 3 0099-2240/08/$08.000 doi:10.1128/AEM.01384-07 Copyright ? 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Application of Methods for Identifying Broiler Chicken Gut Bacterial Species Linked with Increased Energy Metabolism Valeria A. Torok,1* Kathy Ophel-Keller,1 Maylene Loo,2 and Robert J. Hughes3 SARDI, Plant and Soil Health, Plant Research Centre, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia1; SARDI, Aquatic Sciences Centre, West Beach, South Australia 5024, Australia2; and SARDI, Pig and Poultry Production Institute, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, South Australia 5371, Australia3 Received 22 June 2007/Accepted 18 November 2007 A high-throughput microbial profiling tool based on terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism was developed to monitor the poultry gut microbiota in response to dietary manipulations. Gut microbial commu- nities from the duodena, jejuna, ilea, and ceca of 48 birds fed either a barley control diet or barley diet supplemented with exogenous enzymes for degrading nonstarch polysaccharide were characterized by using multivariate statistical methods. Analysis of samples showed that gut microbial communities varied signifi- cantly among gut sections, except between the duodenum and jejunum. Significant diet-associated differences in gut microbial communities were detected within the ileum and cecum only. The dissimilarity in bacterial community composition between diets was 73 and 66% within the ileum and cecum, respectively. Operational taxonomic units, representing bacterial species or taxonomically related groups, contributing to diet-associ- ated differences were identified. Several bacterial species contributed to differences between diet-related gut microbial community composition, with no individual bacterial species contributing more than 1 to 5% of the total. Using canonical analysis of principal coordinates biplots, we correlated difference