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Galaxy Formation from Spectroscopy of Extragalactic Globular Cluster Systems.pdf

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Galaxy Formation from Spectroscopy of Extragalactic Globular Cluster Systems

a s t r o - p h / 9 4 1 1 0 0 9 1 N o v 1 9 9 4 GALAXY FORMATION FROM SPECTROSCOPYOF EXTRAGALACTIC GLOBULAR CLUSTER SYSTEMS 1Stephen E. ZepfDepartment of Astronomy, University of CaliforniaBerkeley, CA 94720, USAABSTRACTAbstract. I discuss how spectroscopy of extragalactic globular clusters providesa powerful probe of the formation history and mass distribution of galaxies. Onecritical area is spectroscopy of objects which have been identied as candidate youngglobular clusters through HST imaging of galaxy mergers. I discuss how such datacan constrain models of globular cluster and galaxy formation. As an example, Ipresent new spectra which conrm the presence of young globular clusters in NGC1275. A second way wide-eld spectroscopy can be used to probe the formationhistory and mass distribution of galaxies is through spectroscopy of large numbersof globular clusters around elliptical galaxies. Metallicities obtained from such dataplace strong constraints on models of galaxy formation, and velocities determinedfrom the same data provide kinematical tracers of the mass distribution out todistances of 100 kpc.1. IntroductionGlobular clusters have long been used as important tracers of the history ofchemical enrichment and mass distribution in our Galaxy and in the Local Group.Technological advances have now enabled these techniques to be applied to moredistant galaxies. This paper concentrates on two ways spectroscopic study of extra-galactic globular clusters has recently begun to constrain the formation history andmass distribution of elliptical galaxies. The rst of these is spectroscopy of candi-date young globular clusters discovered in high resolution images of interacting andmerging galaxies. The second is spectroscopy of the globular cluster systems aroundelliptical galaxies. I discuss how the initial results of each of these approaches areconsistent with the hypothesis that mergers play an important role in the formationand evolution of elliptical g