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Influence of high-frequency AC fields on mass transfer in solvent extraction.pdf

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Influence of high-frequency AC fields on mass transfer in solvent extraction

Journal of Electrostatics 59 (2003) 73–86 Influence of high-frequency AC fields on mass transfer in solvent extraction G. Gneist*, H.-J. Bart Institute of Chemical Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Geb .aude 44, Raum 476, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany Received 2 July 2002; received in revised form 22 April 2003; accepted 19 May 2003 Abstract The influence of high-frequency AC fields on mass transfer from aqueous pendant and moving droplets into a continuous organic phase is investigated. Results are compared with those of applied DC voltage and those with no electric field present. Experiments are carried out in a low viscosity water–toluene system with acetone as the solute and in a high viscosity water–isotridecanol system with 1-propanol as the solute. AC and DC effects on Marangoni phenomena at pendant droplets are studied. High-frequency AC voltage is found to depress Marangoni phenomena whereas DC voltage enhances or initially induces Marangoni phenomena. Mass transfer from moving droplets could not be enhanced by the use of electric fields (AC or DC) at constant droplet size. The experimentally achieved concentration–time profiles are compared with those calculated from different mass transfer models for single droplets. r 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Solvent extraction; Mass transfer; High-frequency AC fields; Marangoni phenomena; Pendant droplet 1. Introduction Solvent extraction with no chemical reaction present, is a physical rate process and is dependent on the contact between two immiscible liquid phases. The mass transfer rate is proportional to the interfacial area and the concentration driving force ARTICLE IN PRESS *Corresponding author. Tel.: +49-631-205-2414; fax: +49-631-205-2119. E-mail address: gneist@mv.uni-kl.de (G. Gneist). URL: http://www.uni-kl.de/LS-Bart. 0304-3886/$ - see front matter r 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/S0304-3886(03)00091-3 between the phases. However, the overall mass tra