高三英语非谓语动词最优讲解课件讲述.ppt

学好非谓语动词对于理解阅读材料中结构比较复杂的长句，对于写作得高分非常有用。 不定式 动名词 分词 非谓语动词 分类 动词不定式无人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。 不定式 时态\语态 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 to write to be written 进行式 to be writing 　 完成式 to have written to have been written 完成进行式 to have been writing 　 1. 作主语 侧重于动作的具体性和将来性 To play basketball is a great pleasure. 但为使句子平衡,常用it 代它作主语, 把它移到句子后部去. It is a great pleasure to play basketball. (二)、不定式的句法功能 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 2. 作宾语 A. 跟不定式作宾语的常见动词: （１）hope, want , expect, wish, desire, like, love, dislike ,hate, plan, intend, mean, prepare, decide, determine, afford, fail, manage, try、dare, help , promise、refuse、 learn、offer、 agree、forget ,bother . B. 常跟疑问词+不定式作宾语的动词: tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, explain… tell sb what to do… 3. 作表语 A.表示按计划和安排将要发生的事情。 He is to marry Rose. B.表示主语的内容，但侧重于目的性。 Her wish was to become an artist. C. 表示情态意义(应该, 必须)。 The form is to be filled in and returned within a week. She is to blame. 4.不定式作定语 A.一般表示将发生的情况，放在名词后。 Charles Lindbergh is the first man to fly the Atlantic alone 独自飞越大西洋.(主谓关系) She has a good chance to go to college. (同位关系) He has got lots of questions to ask. (动宾关系) 注意:1.如不定式与它所修饰的词有动宾关系,而这个不定式又是不及物动词, 它后面应有必要的介词。 There is nothing to worry about. 2.不定式所修饰的名词是不定式的动作所发生的地点或所使用的工具时, 它后面要带上必要的介词。 I need a pen to write with. He is looking for a room to live in. 5.不定式作宾语补足语 跟不定式作宾语补足语的动词 A. let, have, make, get等表使役的动词 They made us go with them. 注意: Let/ have/make sb. do ; get sb. to do They got us to go with them. B. ask, tell, request, order等表要求,命令的动词 The chairman requested the members to be silent. C. allow, permit, forbid等表许可或禁止的动词 The guard forbade me to enter. D. wish, want, expect, intend等表希望的动词(hope无此用法) Many parents expect their children to study abroad. E. see、watch、notice、hear、listen to、observe、feel等表感官的动词 I noticed tears come into his eyes. We often hear her sing the song at home. 注: 感官动词后的不定式均不带to F. 其他动词 advise, help, persua