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初三英语unit1-unit5
Unit 1 How do you study for a test?
语法复习:
现在完成时态
1、基本结构 :主语+have/has(助动词)+ done (过去分词)
变否定在助动词have/has后加not,变一般问句把助动词have/has提前,且用什么动词问就
什么动词回答,特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句+其他?
I have spent all of my money.
I haven’t spent all of my money 。
Have you spent all of your money?Yes,I have.No,I haven’t.
What have you spent ?
2、用法和意义:
①过去的动作对现在的影响。
I have spent all of my money.(I have no money)
Jane has cleaned the blackboard.(The blackboard is clean)
②现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的动作,持续到现在有可能继续下去,常与“for+时间 段”,“since+时间点或过去时的句子”连用.提问用How long.
e.g:Mary has been ill for three days.
I have lived here since1998.
I have lived here since I came here
●注:for+时间 段”,“since+时间点或过去时的句子”以及含有How long的句子不能和结
束性动词(buy,die,join,lose……come/arrive/reach/get to)连用,要表示这种意思就要换成
意思相同或相近的延续性动词.
I have bought the bike for four months. (buy结束性动词,要把bought变成 had )
3、现在完成时态和一般过去时态的区别
现在完成时态强调过去的动作对现在的影响,表示现在的状态,是现在时态。而一般
过去时态强调过去某一时间发生某动作;属于过去时态,有具体的表示过去的时间
状语,如yesterday\in 1998,two years ago等。
I have had/bought a new bike . I bought it last week.
4.现在完成时态的时间状语:recently,lately,since...,for... ,in the past few years 等。
5.动词过去分词的构成:
①规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。
(1)、一般动词,在词尾直接加“ ed ”。
Work→worked→worked ,visit→visited-→visited
(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“ d ”。
live→lived→lived ,
(3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词,将 y 变为 i ,再加“ ed ”。
study→studied-→studied ,cry→cried→cried
(4)、重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加“ ed ”。
stop→stopped→stopped , drop→dropped→dropped
现在完成时态练习:
1.He has never surfed, _____ _____?(改为反意疑问句)
2.They have been here since2000.(对划线部分提问)
____ _____have they been here?
3.The old man_____last year.He ____ ____for a year.(用die的正确形式填空)
4.Miss Gao left an hour ago.(同义句转换)
Miss Gao_____ _____ ____ _____ an hour ago
5.Her mother has been a Party member for three years (同义句转换)
Her mother______the Party three years_______
汉译英:
1.他这些天到哪儿去了?_______________________________________
2.他昨天收到一封信。_________________________________________
3.我父亲以前到过长城。___________
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